In such cases, specialists advise that SMEs should focus on the factors that significantly influence the successful implementation of these standards (Baxter, 2004). These factors are represented by cost reductions, risk management, marketing opportunities, interested parties, and others. Cost reductions can be achieved by resources and waste consumption. Environmental management systems help companies develop programs intended to reduce resources consumption, to monitor and control this process while working towards reaching their objectives.

There are several strategies that can be used in order to successfully integrate environmental management systems in companies' strategy. This is usually achieved by developing an implementation team. This team should be consisted of important staff members. It is recommended to address department managers and team leaders. This helps maintain management's commitment towards integrating environmental sustainability within the company's strategy (Johnson, 1997). In addition to this, it helps better communicate environmental strategies and objectives to employees and to business…...

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Reference list:

1. ISO and the Environment (2011). International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved January 29, 2012 from  http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/management_and_leadership_standards/environmental_management/iso_and_the_environment.htm .

2. ISO 14000 Essentials (2011). International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved January 29, 2012 from  http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/management_and_leadership_standards/environmental_management/iso_14000_essentials.htm .

3. Hanson, a. (2011). ISO 14000. International Institute for Sustainable Development. Retrieved January 29, 2012 from  http://www.iisd.org/didigest/mar96/3mar96.htm .

4. Baxter, M. (2004). Taking the First Steps in Environmental Management. ISO Management Systems. Retrieved January 29, 2012.

The benchmarks used in evaluating investments' performance are represented by overall indexes like NASDAQ, or industry specific indexes. Business practice has revealed that economic performance is significantly influenced by environmental and social performance. Therefore, it is important that companies include this indicator in their sustainability reports to stakeholders.

Production costs

This indicator is of great interest to stakeholders like investors, awarding authorities, banks that finance companies in different projects they develop, project developers, and others. This indicator is used in analyzing direct investments. It is of great importance in industries where production costs are quite large. This is the case of the construction industry, the automotive industry, the oil and gas industry, and others.

International organizations that establish standards in environmental sustainability state that companies should assess life cycle costs in order to make their decisions, it seems that the evaluation of production costs tends to be preferred by these companies because they…...

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Reference list:

1. Lowe, C. & Ponce, a. (2008). UNEP-FI/SBCI's Financial and Sustainability Metrics Report. United Nations Environment Programme. Retrieved February 7, 2012.

2. Epstein, M. & Roy, M. (2001). Sustainability in Action: Identifying and Measuring the Key Performance Drivers. Long-Range Planning Journal. Retrieved February 8, 2012.

3. New Metrics to Improve Sustainability Performance (2011). Verdantix, Ltd. Retrieved February 8, 2012.

4. Szekely, F. & Knirsch, M. (2005). Responsible Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility: Metrics for Sustainable performance. European Management Journal. Retrieved February 8, 2012.

Sustainable Business Model: The Impact of Sustainability on Shareholders
The objective of this study is to consider the need for adopting sustainability as a business model and to present evidence both for and against sustainability as part of the company's business model.

Sustainability

The Economist writes that the phrase 'the tripe bottom line' was first stated by the founder of a company called SustainAbility in 1994, John Elkington. Elkington posited that companies needed to compare three bottom lines including the first for measuring traditional corporate profit, or that of the profit and loss account and secondly, that of the company's "people account" which measured the level of social responsibility of the company. Finally, the third bottom line was stated as the company's level of environmental responsibility. (Paraphrased, 2009) These three formulate the triple bottom line of "profit, people, and planet." (The Economist, 2009, p.1) Alex Steffen states that while society is successful…...

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References

Triple Bottom Line (2009) The Economists. Retrieved from:  http://www.economist.com/node/14301663 

Alex Steffen (2005) The Route to a Sustainable Future. TED. Retrieved from:  http://www.ted.com/talks/alex_steffen_sees_a_sustainable_future.html 

Ray Anderson: The Business of Logic Sustainability. TED. Retrieved from:  http://www.ted.com/talks/ray_anderson_on_the_business_logic_of_sustainability.html

Growth Sustainable Business Plan
Organizational Overview

Proposed New Business

Intellectual property rights (IP)

Target Customers

Market Segmentation

Competitors

Skills analysis

esources equired for the Plan

Cash Flow Forecast

Plan for obtaining resources

Type of organization and the Management Information Systems

Vision for the Business Idea

Growth Sustainable Business Plan

Organizational Overview

Systemic Software Technology is an organization established in 1998 dedicated in designing, and marketing of software products. Since the formation of the company, the organization has enjoyed significant growth. With the rapid development of Information Technology (IT), the company has enjoyed increase in demand for the software products from virtually all sectors in the United States and outside the United States. Since 1990s, the company has designed and marketed several software products ranging from the accounting software to the human resources software for the organizational efficiencies. Bulk of the software products that the organization has designed and distributed are being used for business solutions. Some of the products that the organization has successfully designed…...

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References

Chau, P.Y.K. (1995). Factor used in the selection of packaged software in small businesses: View of owners and managers. Information & Management .29(2): 71-78.

Cook, R.G. Belliveau, P. & Lentz.C.(2007). The Gender role in U.S. microenterprise business plan development. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 14 (2).

Harrison, J. Thompson, Flanagan, H. et al. (1994).Beyond the Business Plan. e: Journal of Management in Medicine Volume: 8(1 ).

Hannon, P.D. & Atherton. A (1998) .Small firm success and the art of orienteering: the value of plans, planning, and strategic awareness in the competitive small firm. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 5 (2).

The strategy P&G deliberately took was to bring greater sustainability into their supplier management processes to the product and process level while also concentrating on cost reduction and supplier efficiency. This strategy paid off very well in European markets where sustainability standards and requirements are exceptionally high and more stringent compared to the United States (Neto, Walther, Bloemhof, van Nunen, Spengler, 2010). When these benefits are taken over the long-term, they being to also influence product development and lead to even more aggressive goals being set and achieved. P&G has specifically focused on using its supply chain to fuel the development of Sustainable Innovation Products (SIP). Figure 2 from the latest Sustainability eport shows how successful this strategy continues to be for nurturing new innovation.
Figure 2: Sustainable Innovation Products Developed From Supply Chain Initiatives

Conclusion

P&G's focus on the sustainable supply chain has given them the ability to not only better…...

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References

Bertoluci, G., & Millet, D. (2009). Functional product enrichment and supply chain disorganisation: Two barriers for sustainable design. International Journal of Product Development, 7(1), 149.

Chen-Lung, Y., & Sheu, C. (2007). Achieving supply chain environment management: An exploratory study. International Journal of Technology Management, 40(1-3), 131.

Found, P., Hines, P., Griffiths, G., & Harrison, R. (2008). Creating a sustainable lean business system within a multi-national group company. IIE Annual Conference.Proceedings,, 302-307.

Kumar, K., & van Dissel, H.,G. (1996). Sustainable collaboration: Managing conflict and cooperation in interorganizational systems. MIS Quarterly, 20(3), 279-300.

Additionally, businesses must anticipate seasonal shifts in demand when allocating and anticipating costs. A toy company cannot assume that the revenue it enjoys after a Christmas marketing a 'hot toy' will be sustained all year 'round.
In terms of taking a long-term view, a business should treat its employees in an ethical fashion. If employees are treated in a respectful manner, they are likely to perform better and show more loyalty to the organization. Additionally, if a company is found to be exploiting its employees, as was the case of Nike and the 'sweatshop'-type conditions of its offshore operations, this negative publicity can deter individuals from buying from the company. Employee costs in the long and short-term, in terms of compensating employees for overtime and giving them reasonable benefits, must also be included in the business plan. Also, the possibility of stock options, should the company incorporate, is another issue…...

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References

Business plan for starting out, 2010, Score Retrieved September 4, 2010 at www.score.org/.../Business%20Plan%20for%20Startup%20Business.doc

The value of a business plan. (2010). Striding Out. Retrieved September 4, 2010 at  http://www.stridingout.co.uk/business-planning/the-value-of-a-business-plan.html

Business Ethics
Business Structure and Ethics in Organizational Behavior

Business ethics can also be known as corporate ethics. It is described as a form of professional or applied ethics that helps in investigating ethical principles as well as moral or ethical problems that comes up within different business environment. Its application takes place within every aspects of business conduct and it is always of relevance to the individuals' conducts and the organization as a whole. The aim of the paper is to examine ramifications and application of business structure and ethics in organizational behavior that will impact businesses in the next ten years.

Sometimes business may try to make short-term gains when it decides to turn a blind eye to ethics. Even though there are laid down regulatory oversight, code of practice, as well as ever-increasing public pressure, most of the firms always decides to ignore ethical considerations. Moreover, they even claim that…...

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Reference

Arnold, Denis G. And Keith Bustos., (2005) "Business, Ethics, and Global Climate Change."

Business and Professional Ethics Journal.

Matt Zwolinski (2013) Recent Work in Ethical Theory and its Implications for Business Ethics. Retrieved August 19, 2013.  http://www.academia.edu/250075/Recent_Work_in_Ethical_Theory_and_its_Implications_for_Business_Ethics 

Paul Merchant (2013) A Definition for Business Ethics. Retrieved August 19, 2013.  http://business.lovetoknow.com/wiki/A_Definition_for_Business_Ethics

Business, Personal, Moral Ethics
When we know something is right or wrong, good or bad, because of certain facts (not just preferences), we're confronting moral issues. Hurting people is wrong. Wanting vanilla ice cream is probably not, no matter that it may seem offensive to some of us sometimes. Social or cultural institutions that govern our personal principals are imposing moral standards that we can aim to achieve.

Business ethics, however, are different. They are operational guidelines and process expectations; and in many instances it is what one does to conform to this expectation that determines whether they are considered appropriate or not. The goodness or badness is business ethics is a much different issue, since even good business people can do bad things on purpose in search of bottom line profits and that is not necessarily seen as offensive.

When one basically blends these approaches and seeks to use certain standards or…...

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REFERENCES

Business and Human Rights Resource Center (09/28/2011). Retrieved from  http://www.business-humanrights.org/Categories/Individualcompanies/L/LeviStrauss .

Johnson, S., Carey, P., Rogers, P., and Melvin, J., (8/31/2011) Investigators Slam PG&E over San Bruno explosion, Mercury News, Bay Area News Group. Retrieved from  http://www.mercurynews.com/top-stories/ci_18787566 .

Wearden, G., (8/15/2011), Warren Buffett calls for higher taxes for U.S. super-rich, The Guardian, (8/15/2011). Retrieved from  http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/aug/15/warren-buffett-higher-taxes-super-rich .

P&G has recognized that there are three pillars needed to support its sustainable development strategy. These include environmental protection, economic development, and social responsibility (MacNealy, 2007).
Summary and Future esearch ecommendations

Procter and Gamble's commitment to sustainability has been shown by its development of new products. Product development is geared towards the preponderance of consumers who would like to improve sustainability outcomes without comprising value or quality. During 2008, Procter and Gamble was able to diminish packaging waste by changing many of their standard carton packaging to a fully recyclable seal tight plastic material packaging. This modification in packaging has resulted in an 80% decrease in the amount of packaging that is being used compared to carton packaging (Lloyd, 2009).

Environmental forces disclosed by Procter and Gamble have included water usage, energy usage, carbon emissions and total waste. The company has reported that energy use at its household care plant in Canada…...

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References

Corporate Social Responsibility. (2010).Retrieved August 15, 2010, from As you sow Web site:

http://www.asyousow.org/csr/

CSR Profile of Procter & Gamble. (2010). Retrieved August 15, 2010, from CSR Wire Web site:

 http://www.csrwire.com/members/profile/9169-Procter-Gamble

Business Ethics: Corporate Social esponsibility and the Triple Bottom Line
Picture two companies, Company A and Company B. Company A manufactures chemical products and has been on the receiving end of criticism and public outcry for the air and water pollution caused by its chemical manufacturing plant. Due to increased pressure, Company A devises a strategy to start a project that will enable all farmers in the neighboring areas to get clean water in an effort to give back to the community and reduce bad publicity. Company B. is a nonprofit organization which employs visually impaired and handicapped individuals to conduct research on strategies that communities and corporations can apply to conserve the environment. This company uses Braille technology and has come up with a variety of green strategies for both companies and the government. The community benefits from both companies but Company A embraces corporate social responsibility by providing clean…...

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References

Henriques, A. & Richardson, J. (2004). The Triple Bottom Line: Does It All Add Up? Sterling, VA: Earthscan.

Matteson, M. & Metivier, C. (2015). Corporate Social Responsibility and the Triple Bottom Line. Business Ethics. Module 3. Retrieved 17 February 2015 from  http://philosophia.uncg.edu/phi361-metivier/module-3-social-responsibility-professionalism-and-loyalty/corporate-social-responsibility-and-the-triple-bottom-line/ 

Savitz, A. (2006). The Triple Bottom Line: How Today's Best-Run Companies Are Achieving Economic, Social and Environmental Success and How You Can Too. San Francisco, CA: Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Scott, R. (2012). The Bottom Line of Corporate Good. Forbes Magazine. Retrieved 18 February 2015 from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/causeintegration/2012/09/14/the-bottom-line-of-corporate-good/

Business Ethics magazine recently awarded the Chroma Technology Corporation, a Vermont-based manufacturer of high-tech optical lens products, the "Living Economy Award" as part of the 16th Annual Business Ethics Awards. The Living Economy Award is offered to the company that best exemplifies "the living economy with practices of employee ownership, fair wages, and environmental stewardship," (Business Ethics). One of the key reasons why Chroma earned the accolade was due to its unique official salary structure: no employee earns less than $37,500 and none more than $75,000; therefore, no upper-level management official makes more than twice as much as anyone on the shop floor. Chroma's unique salary structure in part reflects my vision of corporate business ethics and the values I would like to embody as a professional. There are other reasons why I admire Chroma's policies. They employ an egalitarian meeting format modeled after the Quakers; they ensure environmental sustainability…...

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Works Cited

Corporate Social Responsibility Report." Business Ethics.  http://www.business-ethics.com/ .

Non-Violence." BBC Online. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/ethics/war/nonviolence.shtml.

Sustainable Distibution fo Essential Medicines in Emeging Makets
Business Case Backgound

The Sustainable challenge

Cuent distibution climate of Cue Phamaceutical

The gowing impotance of the emeging makets

Baies to gowth

Pocuement and Distibution

Challenge to oveall sustainability in phamaceutical companies

Patneships utilized in emeging makets and essential medicine distibution

Suggestions of patneships effective in essential medicine distibution

Data gatheing in essential medicine distibution

Sustainable distibution fo essential medicines in emeging makets

Business Case Backgound

This epot addesses the ole phamaceuticals play in emeging makets. Many people have associated these makets as havens fo explosive futue gowth, but thee ae also seious challenges to be faced. The epot will discuss what views investos, stakeholdes, and company executives hold on emeging makets. Thee ae thee pobable significant factos that may sway thei stance. Fist, the efoms ecently made by the govenment egading phamaceuticals and the obligations of multinationals esulting fom the efoms. Second, the diection that shall be taken by the expanding healthcae maket and…...

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references

(Multi-Stakeholder Toolkit, n.d), A Toolkit for Improved Understanding and Transparency of Drug Shortage Response in Canada 2013

Banks, M.A., & Persily, G.L. (2010). Campus perspective on the National Institutes of Health public access policy: University of California, San Francisco, library experience. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA, 98(3), 256 -- 259. doi:10.3163/1536-5050.98.3.015

Bors, C., Christie, A., Gervais, D., & Wright Clayton, E. (2015). Improving Access to Medicines in Low-Income Countries: A Review of Mechanisms. The Journal of World Intellectual Property. 18, 1-28.

Cure Pharmaceutical  http://www.curepharmaceutical.com/about.html

Sustainable Energy Storage
One of the most dire and challenging crises faced by the human race today is the complete reliance on the generation of artificial power and energy in order to fuel the world and its daily functioning. The main problem is that the fossil fuels commonly used for these efforts are beginning to run out and prove themselves quite unsustainable. In response, of course, natural, renewable, and sustainable sources of energy have been identified for the purpose of alternative power generation. While these have met with some success, the new challenge now is to find ways of storing energy from sources like the wind and sun, which are intermittent. The main reason for such storage would be the fact that the greatest need for energy is not necessarily in tandem with when the wind or sun is at its highest.

The main problem associated with this is that the grid…...

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References

Smedley, T. (2014, Jul. 4). Power-to-gas energy storage could help displace use of fossil fuels. The Guardian. Retrieved from:  http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/renewable-energy-power-gas-storage-fossil-fuels

Schaltegger, S. & Wagner, M. (2010). Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: categories and interactions. Business Strategy and the Environment 20: 222-237.
Schaltegger & Wagner (2010) create a usable framework for sustainable entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and sustainable business development in "Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: categories and interactions." he article first addresses the purpose for the research. Companies have been traditionally culprits in creating both environmental and social justice problems, necessitating regulations imposed externally. Driven solely by profit, a company will not be likely to pursue innovation or sustainability entrepreneurship unless it was profitable to do so. he authors point out that while this may be true with some organizations in some sectors, that otherwise the business environment is changing. A new framework based on current business trends is proposed by Schaltegger & Wagner (2010). his new framework is based on the fact that many companies -- and their managers -- "have…...

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The Schaltegger & Wagner (2010) research is helpful in providing the promised framework for relating sustainable entrepreneurship with sustainability innovation. However, the strength of the research is in the matrix revealing the different types of sustainable entrepreneurship models. Start-ups and veteran enterprises alike can study such a matrix for cues and clues as to how to effectively launch a sustainability enterprise based on innovation. The research can be applied to progressive regulatory environments, seeking to balance the needs for greater corporate accountability with the need for economic progress. Although the Schaltegger & Wagner (2010) research seems convoluted and overly complicated at times, it does have some practical value in highlighting the points of convergence between business, social justice, and ecological ethics

It is possible that sustainable innovation refers more to the method by which stalwart companies like Deutsche Bahn embark on sustainable entrepreneurship: applying traditional business models to meeting new goals. The Schaltegger & Wagner (2010) research also shows that fresh entrepreneurs may not contend with as many obstacles as was once believed. The seemingly mutually exclusive goals of profitability and sustainability can go hand in hand. Schaltegger & Wagner (2010) might be better off injecting more than cold fact into their research, which seems oddly devoid of any ethical framework. The authors treat issues like social benefit as if it were as quantifiable as sales figures. Moreover, the current research is exploratory and theoretical in nature. An experimental research design might be helpful in future research in this specific area if it is to be of any use to policy makers.

Ultimately, the goals of the research were fulfilled and the authors make a good point about the changing marketplace. The authors present a helpful framework outlining the types of sustainable entrepreneurship. Businesses can draw from this research a mission statement for a proposed sustainability innovation program. Entrepreneurs can use this research to present business models that are grounded in both fiscal and environmental responsibility. Schaltegger & Wagner (2010) also show which conditions tend to give rise to sustainable entrepreneurship, and posit relationships with measurable market impacts. It helps to know that innovation can be presented as a definite solution to environmental and social problems. Finally, there is no one model for sustainable entrepreneurship; the diversity of the economy and of the environment requires a multifaceted and heterogeneous business enterprise.

Innovation Models Lead to a Sustainable Business -- Closed vs. Open Innovation
Following the introduction of the concept of open innovation, the exploration in the area has increased significantly. Open innovation involves the utilization of purposive knowledge inflows and outflows to help in the acceleration of internal innovation and the expansion of external markets for innovation. On the other hand, closed innovation refers to a situation where every activity is carried out within the organization and for the benefit of the organization. There are strong arguments for both approaches.

The Shift from Closed to Open

Innovation previously adopted a linear view where the focus was on science and tended to favour 'closed' systems. This approach would later be replaced by a more interactive and 'open' model that was grounded on continuous education and learning for all participating parties. The evolution and constant changes in the micro and macro environment produces products and…...

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References

Aranha, E. A., Garcia, N. P. & Correa, G., 2015. Open Innovation and Business Model: A Brazilian Company Case Study. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, pp. 91-98.

Arora, A., Fosfuri, A. & Gambardella, A., 2004. Markets for Technology. The MIT Press.

Brunswicker, S. & Ehrenmann, F., 2013. Managing Open Innovation in SMEs: A Good Practice Example of a German Software Firm. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, pp. 33-41.

Chesbrough, H., 2003. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Publishing.

1. The impact of corporate social responsibility on consumer perceptions and purchasing behavior.
2. The role of corporate social responsibility in building brand reputation and trust.
3. The challenges and opportunities of implementing sustainable business practices in a globalized economy.
4. The importance of ethical sourcing and supply chain management in corporate social responsibility.
5. The role of businesses in addressing social and environmental issues through corporate philanthropy and community engagement.
6. The impact of corporate social responsibility on employee motivation, retention, and productivity.
7. The relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance.
8. The implications of government regulations and policies on corporate social responsibility initiatives.
9.....

1. The Impact of Social Media on Adolescents: A Comparative Analysis

2. Exploring the Role of Education in Reducing Poverty

3. The Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture

4. Addressing the Mental Health Crisis: Strategies for Promoting Well-being

5. Examining the Effects of Climate Change on Global Biodiversity

6. The Influence of Media on Body Image and Eating Disorders

7. Enhancing Cultural Understanding through Travel and Tourism

8. The Importance of Ethical Consumerism in Shaping Sustainable Business Practices

9. Promoting Gender Equality in the Workplace: Overcoming Barriers and Challenges

10. Analyzing the Impact of Technology on Human Interaction and Relationships
11. "Fashion Forward: Revolutionizing Sustainability in the Garment....

Immediate Actions to Combat Global Warming in Daily Life
The urgency of addressing global warming demands immediate action from all sectors, including individuals. While transitioning to a low-carbon society requires systemic changes, personal choices and daily habits can significantly contribute to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Here's a comprehensive guide to practical steps individuals can take to make an immediate impact on combating global warming:
1. Adopt Sustainable Transportation:
Walk, cycle, or use public transport for short trips.
If driving is necessary, carpool or consider electric or hybrid vehicles.
Optimize fuel efficiency by maintaining proper tire pressure and practicing smooth driving.
2. Reduce Energy....

Global warming is a pressing environmental issue that has captured the attention of scientists, policymakers, and the general public in recent decades. As greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, the Earth's climate is undergoing significant changes that are impacting ecosystems, weather patterns, and human health. In this essay, we will explore the causes and consequences of global warming, as well as potential solutions to mitigate its effects and protect our planet for future generations.
Global warming has already had far-reaching impacts on our planet. Rising global temperatures have led to the melting of glaciers and ice caps, causing sea levels to....