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Nationalism
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Nationalism is the political and cultural phenomenon through which people identify with and express loyalty to a shared nation, often asserting claims to sovereignty, territory, and collective identity. Students encounter this topic across political science, history, sociology, and international relations courses because it sits at the intersection of power, culture, and governance. Its academic interest lies in how nationalism has shaped modern states, driven conflicts, and influenced policy from the era of the American Revolution through contemporary geopolitics. The recurring presence of Europe, Germany, and Singapore in student work reflects how nationalism manifests differently across regions and historical periods, making it a rich subject for comparative analysis.

The papers archived on this topic approach nationalism from several distinct angles. Historical analysis appears prominently, including examinations of German nationalism and Roosevelt's New Nationalism, situating the ideology within specific political moments. Comparative and theoretical approaches explore how figures like Huntington and Bowen interpret nationalist conflict, while cultural analysis considers nationalism's symbolic dimensions, such as martyrdom during the American Revolution. Other papers address policy questions, including whether nationalist governments reshape gender relations, and case studies on nations like Singapore show how nationalism operates in non-Western contexts. Ethnicity and ethnic conflict also surface as a related lens, connecting nationalism to questions of minority identity and intergroup tension.

A strong essay on nationalism needs a clearly bounded thesis — arguing about a specific form, period, or effect of nationalism rather than treating it as a single uniform force. Historical and policy evidence tends to carry the most weight, grounded in concrete national contexts. The most common pitfall is conflating nationalism with patriotism or treating it as inherently positive or negative without acknowledging how its meaning shifts depending on who wields it and toward what ends.

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Paper Doctorate

Cosmopolitanism: concepts, theories, and contemporary applications

Cosmopolitanism International Law and the Persistence of the Sovereign Nation-State

Ottoman Empire in 1683, When the Ottoman

In 1683, when the Ottoman forces were besieging Vienna, the empire reached its high-water mark and then began its slow, steady decline after suffering a major defeat in this battle. Only very gradually did Europeans come to perceive it as the Sick Man of Europe, however, since it was still formidable enough to play an important role in the defeat of Russia in the Crimean War of 1854-56. This was its last major victory, however, since by 1878 it had lost most of the Balkans, or Rumelia as it was known to the Ottomans, and with it much of its tax revenue and the recruitment ground for the Janissaries. It lost Crete in 1896 and Macedonia and Thrace after the Balkan Wars in 1912-13, and ceased to be a European power.

Paper Doctorate

Middle East Has the Presence of Oil

For the U.S. and other Western powers, oil supplies are the only real interest in the Middle East, and most people in the region are well aware of this fact, and of numerous Western attempts to establish and support ‘friendly' authoritarian regimes like that of Hosni Mubarak in Egypt and the monarchy in Jordan. Public opinion polls in Turkey, Egypt, Morocco, Jordan and Pakistan actually show majority support for Western political and economic ideas, including democracy, but opposed U.S. foreign policy in general because they believed it to be motivated by control over oil supplies. None of this is new, and the West has been pursuing such policies since the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, when Britain and France divided up the region between them. After World War II, the U.S. stepped in the void as these older empires declined, although it faced considerable resistance from nationalist movements in both oil and non-oil Arab countries.

Research Paper Doctorate

Events of the 20th Century

The twentieth century had been tumultuous, particularly during the former half, the world witnessing two major world wars, many revolutions and nationalist struggles, each holding a significant bearing on the other.

Paper Undergraduate

The most persuasive arguments for nationalism and nation-states

The objective of this study is to compare the work of Laitin, Geertz, Hobsbawn, and Anderson and to answer as to which argument is the most persuasive for why nations and nationalism exist. The nation is best defined by the individuals that comprise that nation with the nation's definition fitting to the characteristics of its citizenry than attempting to mold the citizenry to ‘fit' into the definition of the nation. This is because where no growth exists stagnation becomes dominant and with growth comes change evidenced in the ‘tips' and ‘cascades' that occur within society and the nation-at-lager. Of course there are some things that one cannot imaging changing since it is unlikely that Israel will ever become a Muslim nation and just as unlikely that the United States will assume a communist stance in politics. With that being said, perhaps a nation might be best viewed upon the basis of its guiding principles and beliefs that stand apart from any cultural, ethnic, or linguistic framework, which everyone understands, are principles that have served as the basis for the formation and growth of that nation.

Paper Doctorate

History of Africa

African nationalism is a political movement that desires to create one unified Africa. Their minor objective is to have national acknowledgement of African tribes by allowing them to create their own states within…

Research Paper Doctorate

French Revolution Revisited No Moment in History

No moment in history stands alone, but each builds surely from the moments before it. The French Revolution and its aftermath was no exception. In many ways it sprang from the undeniable and unswayable forces of…

Vienna and Paris 1900–1910: Art Nouveau and Cultural Modernism

Vienna and Paris in the Decade 1900-1910 If Vienna and Paris of 1900 – 1910 could be described in a single expression, it would be Art Nouveau. Vienna was a center of literary, cultural and artistic advancement in "middle" Europe, enjoying booming population and innovative developments in all those spheres, even as it endured the rising tide of anti-liberal, anti-Semitic Christian Social forces. In keeping with this innovation, Vienna's music enjoyed avant garde developments of Art Nouveau from Paris, notably represented in Vienna by the works of composers Gustav Mahler and Arnold Schönberg. As Vienna became the literary, cultural and artistic center of "middle" Europe, Paris became the literary, cultural and artistic center of the World during La Belle Epoque. Drawing exceptionally gifted people from the entire globe, Paris boasted the first Olympics to include women and the World's Fair of 1900. Reveling in its invention of Art Nouveau, Paris also exerted worldwide magnetism on artists such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Toulouse-Lautrec, who already were or eventually became household artistic names. Parisian music also flourished during this time in the Art Nouveau-engendered form of "Impressionism," notably represented by Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel. Reveling in their attraction of the exceptionally gifted in literary, cultural and artistic spheres, both cities became focal points of human endeavor and innovation. Predating the disturbing developments of World Wars, 1900-1910 were golden eras in the histories of both cities.

Paper High School

John Lennon \"Imagine\" by John Lennon Uses

"Imagine" by John Lennon uses poetic devices to create an ideal of world peace. The song deals positively with the problem of people fighting each other by removing some reasons for fighting.

Research Paper Doctorate

Rise of Hindu Fundamentalism

At the turn of the century, religious fundamentalism has emerged as a well-known trend; a custom of mind found within religious communities and paradigmatically incarnated in certain typical individuals and activities.

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