Gender Issues in Physical Education: A Qualitative Analysis of Middle School Performance
The purpose of this research proposal is an evaluation of the gender issues and problems that arise in physical education classes in middle school.

There is a large body of evidence supporting the notion that though childhood and adolescence are critical times to lay the foundation for physical activity for an individual's lifetime, "too many girls are insufficiently active" (Olasov & yan, 2000:37). The Surgeon General's report in 1996 reported that "more than half of young people aged 12 to 21 were not considered active on a routine basis," with young females disproportionately inactive as young males (Olasov & yan, 2000: 37; PCPFS, 1997).

There is also significant body of evidence suggesting that particularly in middle school regular participation in physical activities can help young women "weather the storms of adolescence" and eventually lead more grounded adult lives (Olasov & yan,…...

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References:

Dollman, J. (2003). "A problem-based approach to teaching exercise physiology: Gender differences in athletic performance." The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 74(9): 37

Humberstone, B. (1990). "Warriors or wimps? Creating alternative forms of physical education." In G.E. Hutchinson, Gender fair teaching in physical education, JOPERD: 66(1).

Hutchinson, G.E. "Gender-fair teaching in physical education." The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 66(1): 42

Olasov, L. & Ryan, C.A. (2000). "Mentoring for success female university students and at risk middle school girls." The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 71(9): 37

GENDE ISSUES & COMMUNICATION AT WOK
Gender & Communication

As with a number of changes in business, such as "going green," diversity in the workplace was not initially or always welcomed. Eventually, as the times change, there are some organizational changes that must be made across industries simply to keep current with the trends in business practice. Diversity with respect to culture and gender is certainly a change that came with intense resistance. Around the world in the 21st century, there are still a number of industries, cultures, and countries that have rampant imbalances in the workplace with respect to the gender representation within specific organizations. This is to say that gender diversity as well as diversity in general, is not a simple or quick change to be made. Furthermore, as with many changes, whether the intentions are positive or not, organizational change, even expanded diversity, comes with potential positives and negatives.…...

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References:

Appelbaum, S.H., Audet, L., & Miller, J.C. Gender and leadership? Leadership and gender? A journey through the landscape of theories. Leadership & Organization, 24(1), 43 -- 51.

Barbuto, Jr., J.E., Fritz, S., Matkin, PhD, G.S., & Marx, D.B. (2007). Effects of Gender, Education and Age upon Leaders' Use of Influence Tactics and Full Range Leadership Behavior. Sex Roles, 56, 71 -- 83.

Choi, J.N., Price, R.H., & Vinokur, A.D. (2003) Self-efficacy changes in groups: effects of diversity, leadership, and group climate. Journal of Organizational Behavior 24, 1 -- 16.

Hambley, L.A., O'Neill, T.A., & Kline, T.J.B. (2007). Virtual team leadership: The effects of leadership style and communication medium on team interaction styles and outcomes. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 103, 1 -- 20.

Gender Issues in Prison
omen now represent one of the fastest-rising segments in American prisons. In 2001, for example, the number of prison inmates has risen to 94,336, more than double the female prison population in 1990. omen now comprise 6.7% of the prison population, and the figure is expected to rise (Beck, Kerberg and Harrison 2002).

Corrections facilities, however, have been slow to respond to these changes. Many of these facilities were designed to incarcerate violent male inmates. They therefore remain unresponsive to the needs of female inmates.

This paper looks at prison experience from the point-of-view of the female inmate. First of all, this paper argues that the crimes most female inmates commit are quantitatively different from those committed by men. Because of these different reasons, prisons built around the need to contain violent male offenders are ill-equipped to meet the special needs of a growing female population. By taking into…...

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Works Cited

Beck, A., Karberg, J., & Harrison, P. (2002). Prison and jail inmates at midyear 2001. Washington D.C.: Bureau of Justice Statistics.

Bloom, Barbara, Barbara Owen, Elizabeth Piper Deschenes and Jill Rosenbaum (2002). "Moving toward justice for female juvenile offenders in the new millennium: Modeling gender-specific policies and programs." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 18(1): 37-56.

MacDonald, John M. And Meda Chesney-Lind (2001). "Gender bias and juvenile justice revisited: A multiyear analysis." Crime and Delinquency, 47(2): 177-195.

McClellan, Dorothy S., David Farabee and Ben M. Crouch (1997). "Early victimization, drug use and criminality: A comparison of male and female prisoners." Criminal Justice and Behavior, 24(4): 455-476.

Latin Gender
Gender Issues in Latin

American Economic Development

This essay attempts to present all new insight into the topic of gender concerns in regard to the Latin American nation of Mexico's economic development. The report is written with the notion that I have just been appointed as Minister of Gender Affairs for Mexico and our new President, who is a woman, ran on a platform that promised gender equality in all new and existing policies within her administration. As Minister of Gender Affairs in Mexico, the president has requested that I develop a new national plan that both addresses and ends the rampant discrimination against females in Mexico and in turn creates new generous gender equality policies. The essay will address: Family Legislation, Labor Market Legislation, Trade Policies, Educational Policies and Agrarian Legislation.

As the world continues to become a smaller place through the use of new technologies like the Internet and the…...

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Works Cited

Chant, Sylvia. Gender in Latin America. n.p.: n.p., 2003.

Deere, Carmen Diana, and Leon Magdalena. Empowering Women: Land And Property Rights In Latin America. n.p.: n.p., 2001.

Gender Issues

This critic argues that plays such as Twelfth Night, Midsummer Nights Dream, and as You Like it merely serve to assert masculine authority and to rebuff practices like cross-dressing. esides, cross-dressing threatened the social order and the gendered hierarchies of power. The principles of subordination were challenged by the subversive potential of such practices which transgressed norms (Howard, 1988:418).
Regarding the motivation of disguise in Shakespearean plays, it assumes a wide variety of functions. In Viola's case, the circumstances are that she is shipwrecked in an unknown land, where she must protect herself. Viola must cross-dress in order to serve the duke. Such situational disguise exposes the constrictiveness of social gender roles by implying the danger and weakness a woman is subdued by (Windholz, 2004).

Consequently, Windholz asserts that Shakespeare's intend is to represent women's use of cross-dressing in response to the patriarchal constraints of Elizabethan society. Disguise may be interpreted…...

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Bibliography

Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge, 1990

Howard, Jean. 'Cross-dressing, the Theatre, and Gender Struggle in Early Modern England', Shakespeare Quarterly, Vol. 39, No. 4 (Winter, 1988), pp. 418-440

Jardine, Lisa. Still Harping on Daughters: Women and Drama in the Age of Shakespeare. Brighton: Sussex University Press, 1983. 9-36

Kimbrough, Robert. 'Androgyny Seen Through Shakespeare's Disguise', Shakespeare Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 1 (Spring, 1982), pp. 17-33

Awakening by Kate Chopin
In "The Awakening", Chopin portrays a character, Edna Pontellier, who has identity issues with the traditional gender norms that are present in the Victorian society of the time. Edna is described in ways that would not fulfill the traditional feminine stereotype of the period, and that she is not content with the roles that she plays as a wife and mother. The author ascribes to Edna traits that seem more masculine in nature than descriptions of other characters in the story. The societies reliance on various social norms makes this story is relevant in today's contemporary period as gender issues are still a polarizing issue. However, today's issues are on a different scale by comparison, and comparing and contrasting the social norms of these two periods offers interesting insights in regards to how social norms have evolved, yet in some ways, things haven't changed as much as…...

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Works Cited

Chopin, K. (2012). The Awakening and Selected Short Stories. Amazon Digital Services.

Peters, J., Becker, J., & Davis, J. (2017, Febuary 22). Bathrooms for Transgender Students. Retrieved from New York Times:  https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/us/politics/devos-sessions-transgender-students-rights.html

Women are challenged to get enough from such a broadly focused sessions could replace the one on one services of a trained counselor in a dedicated women's organization. Alternately, women can seek information services from the automated information systems available through kiosks. This option requires substantial computer and reading literacy levels (Critoph, 2003).
Gender relations, like all social relations, are multi-stranded: they embody ideas, values and identities; they allocate labor between different tasks, activities and domains; they determine the distribution of resources; and they assign authority, agency and decision-making power. This means that gender disparities are multi-dimensional and cannot be compacted simply to the question of material or ideological restriction. It also proposes that these relationships are not always internally unified. They may surround contradictions and imbalances, particularly when there have been changes in the broader socio-economic environment. Some policy makers, advocates and researchers in the region identify the need…...

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References

Critoph, Ursule. (2003). "Who wins, who loses: The real story of the transfer of training to the provinces and its impact on women."

In Cohen, M. Training the excluded for work.

Vancouver: UBC Press.

Fenwick, Tara. (2006). Control, Contradiction and Ambivalence: Skill Initiatives in Canada.

The most prominent downsides of globalization are succinctly revealed below:
the populations in the highly developed economies loose their jobs as the corporations outsource positions to more cost-effective regions the populations in the less developed economies are exploited by outsourcing corporations companies that outsource transfer quality responsibilities to other countries, meaning that the quality of the final product could be compromised diseases are more rapidly transmitted from one region to the other there is a risk that the large corporations simultaneously conducting businesses in several global regions could come to rule the world due to their massive investments and gains (iloveindia)

the forces of globalization make it easier for national problems to take an international nature; the most relevant example in this sense is the emergence of the financial crisis in the United States and its expansion to the entire world globalization also increases the income gap between countries and social…...

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References:

Abed, G.T., Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa, International Monetary Fund, 2003,   last accessed on May 14, 2009http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/med/2003/eng/abed.htm 

MacKinnon, C., Middle East Trade: Globalization Puts New Pressure on the Region, Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, Edition of June-July, pp.73-92

Pros and Cons of Globalization, iloveindia,   last accessed on May 14, 2009http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/pros-and-cons-of-globalization-3507.html 

Psychology of GenderLong AnswersQ1 COVID PSA for Mena)What do women want? They want men who are responsible, secure, and confident enough to care about themselves and others. Do yourselves and women a favor, men: wear a mask, get vaccinated, and practice social distancing. Women will love you for it.Heres how: contact a local healthcare provider today. Information is available online at www.vaccines.gov and www.hhs.gov.In difficult times, doing the right thing can be a heroic act. We all want loving, friendly relationships. If we cannot meet in person, or form the kinds of relationships wed like to right now, lets at least do our part to show that we care. That way when this is all over, well be well and able to live free once more.Remember: six feet. Mask up.The choice is yours. Make the right one today.b)The first part of the PSA is justified based on how people respond…...

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References

Bosson,J.K., Buckner, C.E., & Vandello, J.A., (2021). The Psychology of Sex and Gender (2nd edition). SAGE Publication

Perry, J. (2017). Girls feel less ‘smart’ than boys by age 6, research says. Retrieved from  https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/27/health/gender-stereotypes-smart-study/index.html 

Steinhauer, J. (2021). What Do Women Want? For Men to Get Covid Vaccines. Retrieved from vaccines-rates-men-and-women.htmlhttps://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/22/health/covid-

displace all our social ills through psychology and advancing economic status, never quite filled the shoes which society expected. The modern image of life contained high amounts of anticipation and idealism. Yet as the industrial revolution took hold and transformed our culture socially, economically and politically, people discovered slowly that societal expectations were not as easily changed as a new factory was built at the end of the block. People still acted like people always had, wrestling with ideas that seem good at the moment compared to the ethics and values which ultimately held the individual and the community to solid ground.
In this time, the image of a woman and of a woman's place in modern culture also was undergoing considerable forces toward change. The woman's social image prior to the industrial revolution, and a modern mindset was that of a home maker and women who was, or should…...

Mother Earth
Is Climate Change an Issue of omen's Rights?

For the most of the world, climate change is one of the most pressing issues on the radar. It has become increasingly clear that anthropogenic activities are influencing the Earth's precious energy balance for quite some time; since industrialization primarily. hile the evidence has been mounting and the science has become increasingly sophisticated, it has also become clear that the impacts of climate change are not going to be equitably distributed throughout the entire world's population -- everyone will feel the impacts of climate change, but some groups will feel them significantly more than others. For example, the third-world countries are expected to feel the deepest impacts through drought and increased water issues, but we are also seeing water problems in advanced nations evident by any of the news related to Flint, MI. This analysis will look specifically at the problem of…...

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Works Cited

Diep, F. (2015, September 30). Four Ways Climate Change Affects Women More Than Men. Retrieved from Pacific Standard:  https://psmag.com/four-ways-climate-change-affects-women-more-than-men-4ea0750c23b9 

Mann, C. (2014, September). How to Talk About Climate Change So People Will Listen. Retrieved from The Atlantic:  http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/09/how-to-talk-about-climate-changeso-people-will-listen/375067/ 

Milne, W. (2005). Climate Change, Uncertain Future: Considering Rural Women in Climate Change Policies and Strategies. Canadian Woman Studies, 49-54.

Nhamo, G. (2017). Addressing women in climate change policies: A focus on selected east and southern African countries. Agenda, 156-167.

GENDE IDENTITY Explain interaction hormones behavior interactions affect determination gender identity. Address paper: Include roles biological factors - nature- environmental influences-nutrue- sexual differentiation gender identity.
The interaction between hormones and behavior

Essentially, the difference in the brain of males and females is mostly realized in the concepts of sex and gender aspects. Most of these realizations have been made in the recent years as researchers have focused on the structure and functionalism of the human brain. In this regard, it is realized that particular human characteristics realized in certain individuals usually relate to a particular structure of the brain of such individuals. For instance, it has been established that most students who are good in mathematics will usually have a particular brain structure coupled with certain complexities like allergies and shortsightedness Garrett, 2003.

Such unrelated characteristics usually result out of certain conditions both prenatal and postnatal.

Studies have demonstrated that most women usually perform…...

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References

Bronson, P., & Merryman, A. (2009). NurtureShock: new thinking about children. New York: Twelve.

Chrisler, J.C., & McCreary, D.R. (2010). Handbook of gender research in psychology. New York: Springer.

Damon, W. (2001). Handbook of child psychology (5th ed.). New York: J. Wiley.

. The Determination of Gender Identity and Biopsychology | Beate Landgraf -- " Praxis fur Psychotherapie (HPG). (n.d.). Beate Landgraf -- " Praxis fur Psychotherapie (HPG). Retrieved July 19, 2012, from  http://www.praxis-landgraf.de/2011/10/the-determination-of-gender-identity-and-biopsychology/

Even strong women are feminized in the media and in advertising. Burton Nelson notes, "In a Sears commercial, Olympic basketball players apply lipstick, paint their toenails, rock babies, lounge in bed, and pose and dance in their underwear" (Nelson Burton 442). These are all very feminine characteristics, and women feel they must be feminine not only to fit in society but also to catch a man, and that is what the media tells women they should aspire to - catching a man. These messages begin very early, and children buy into them wholeheartedly. Children mimic the role models they see on television, and young women strive to be like the women they admire - thin, petite, beautiful, and often witless. The media celebrates all of these things by glorifying women like Paris Hilton, Britney Spears, and Lindsay Lohan. These and many other young women are role models for many…...

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References

Blum, Deborah. "The Gender Blur: Where Does Biology End and Society Take Over?" Signs of Life in the U.S.A., 5th ed. Maasik & Solomon, eds. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2006. 475-482.

Burton Nelson, Mariah. "I Won. I'm Sorry." Signs of Life in the U.S.A., 5th ed. Maasik & Solomon, eds. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2006. 439-445.

Craig, Steve. "Men's Men and Women's Women." Signs of Life in the U.S.A., 5th ed. Maasik & Solomon, eds. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2006. 161-173.

Devor, Aaron. "Gender Role Behaviors and Attitudes" Signs of Life in the U.S.A., 5th ed. Maasik & Solomon, eds. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2006. 458-464.

Gende in Poety / Liteatue Lesson
Lesson Duation

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Rational: This is an intoduction to the gende issues which wee so pevalent in the Victoian ea, and a backdop to show why they still exist today and the ham they can inflict.

Syllabus Outcome: This pat of the lesson helps meet outcome 1, o the ability to intepet meanings and themes within texts. By using abstact thinking pocesses, the students will make connections between the texts pesented and show how they ae, o ae not elated. Accoding to the eseach, "A student esponds to and composes inceasingly sophisticated and sustained texts fo undestanding, intepetation, citical analysis and pleasue" (Boad of Studies fo NSW 2003 p 32).

Syllabus Content: This will help meet outcome 4, whee "a student selects and uses languages foms and featues, and stuctues of texts accoding to diffeent puposes, audiences and contexts, and descibes and explains thei effects on meaning" (Boad of…...

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references to at least two of the texts read

Less than three sentences per response and mentioning one or none of the texts read so far

Lesson 5

Strong use of creativity. The poem or short story breaks three or more of the gender stereotypes learned

Simply rewriting a previously published story or poem. Only two or less gender stereotypes were broken by the female character

Gender and Domestic Violence
Discussions of domestic violence almost always implicate modern gender norms because of the assumption that gender norms overtly and subtly promote the idea of violence against women. First, social roles about masculinity mean that, almost across cultures, it is the male role to protect and provide for the family, which includes an element of control over female family members. Next, there is the notion that some societies or social subgroups may normalize domestic violence, which does not appear to be true. Instead, gender norms suggesting that women have less relative worth than men promote domestic violence, and exist across most modern cultures. Therefore, addressing areas of basic gender inequality should help reduce the rate of intimate partner violence. Increasing access to education, not only for females but also for their male partners, has been linked with a reduction in domestic violence. educing the age gap between female…...

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References

Abramsky, T, Watts, C, Garcia-Moreno, C, Devries, K, Kiss, L, Ellsberg, M, Jansen, H, & Heise,

L 2011, 'What factors are associated with recent intimate partner violence? Findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence', BMC Public Health, Vol. 11, no. 109. Available from biomedcentral.com [7 October 2013].

Aizer, A 2010, 'The gender wage gap and domestic violence', The American Economic Review, vol. 100, no.4, pp.1847-1859.

Anderson, K 2013, 'Why do we fail to ask "why" about gender and intimate partner violence?',

Bullying is a serious issue that impacts approximately 20% of middle and high-school aged children each year.  The extent of bullying can vary, but severe bullying can lead victims to commit suicide and leave lifelong scars on its survivors.  This has led people to debate the most effective form of intervention for bullies.

Bullying used to be considered an individual problem, with schools taking few steps to intervene unless the bullying was physical and was egregious.  In fact, many middle-aged adults seem to think of school bullying as something that is within the normal range of....

To Kill a Mockingbird is one of the most beloved books and movies of all time, making it no surprise that it has become a popular theatre production.  There are so many issues that arise in the novel, movie, and screenplay that even seemingly insignificant things, such as Atticus allowing his children to call him by his first name, take on a significance in the story.  If you were working on a narrative criticism or essay, you would highlight that significance.  However, in outlining an act from a play, you do not....

Before you can tackle any type of analysis through a specific lens, it is important to make sure that you thoroughly understand that lens.  Marxism-Feminism attempts to tackle some of the underlying weaknesses in both Marxist theory and feminist theory, because Marxism fails to address some of the gender issues that impact class and feminist theory fails to address some of the class issues that impact gender.  Because of how class and gender intersect in The Handmaid’s Tale, it is a perfect piece for analysis through this particular lens,

The sexism in The....

The key to writing a good argumentative essay is thoroughly understanding the pros and cons of the topic you are considering.  That is because you are asked to take a position in an argumentative essay and support that position, while also being ready to meet challenges that would come from people taking a different position.  Sex education is a surprisingly divisive topic given the evidence that supports sex education as being a positive for students.  Much of this division is based in religious and moral objections to sex education, and, while it....