Concealed Carry on College Campuses
Support for Concealed Carry on College Campuses

Many individuals believe that completely removing guns from society will best serve to protect the public however the truth is that criminals will still access guns to commit crimes and will use them with greater confidence knowing that the general public is not armed. This work addresses the issue of carrying concealed weapons on college campuses from both the view of supporters and those opposed to this practice.

Concealed Carry on College Campuses

An article published on the 2nd day of April, 2012 highlights the misconception about 'gun-free' schools as reported is that "at least six students were gunned down…in California on the same day that a national protest began to call attention to the fact that students are left helpless against such murderers." (Soderstrom, 2012) Spokesman for the national group 'Empty Holster Protest' reported as organized by 'Students for Concealed Carry'…...

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Bibliography

Colorado University Campus Gun Ban Overturned By State Supreme Court (2012) Huffington Post. Retrieved from:  

That is to say, I believe students and faculty members have a right to protect themselves no matter where they go to school, and because we can't say what university will be targeted next, it is important that we extend this right to those attending classes or working at universities in this congressional district.
Although Texas would not be the first state to allow concealed carry weapons on college campuses, as it follows Utah in the matter, I have also heard some express that the guns would not help in an emergency shooting situation and that more guns is never a good thing (Smalley). hile violence is usually not prescribed as the answer to another violent situation, this circumstance is rather different. Because school officials have noted that those who are driven to open fire on a college campus will find a way to do it one way or another,…...

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Works Cited

Paulson, Amanda and Scherer, Ron. "How Safe are College Campuses." The Christian

Science Monitor. April 18, 2007. Christian Science Monitor.  http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0418/p01s04-ussc.html 

Smalley, Suzanne. "More Guns on Campus?" Newsweek. February 15, 2008. Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/112174

Timeline: Shootings at U.S. College Campuses." National Public Radio. April 16, 2007.

Concealed Carry: Balancing Safety and ights

The debate over concealed carry of firearms has been ongoing for decades, with strong arguments on both sides of the issue. Proponents of concealed carry argue that it is a necessary means of self-defense for law-abiding citizens, while opponents fear that increased access to firearms will lead to higher rates of violence and accidental shootings (AND Corporation, 2019).

Arguments for Concealed Carry

One of the primary arguments for concealed carry is that it provides individuals with a means to protect themselves against threats to their personal safety. Studies have shown that armed citizens are less likely to be victims of violent crime (Geller & Kleck, 2019). Concealed carry allows law-abiding citizens to carry a firearm without drawing undue attention to themselves, enabling them to deter potential attackers and respond effectively to dangerous situations.

Protecting Constitutional ights

Proponents of concealed carry also cite the Second Amendment to the United States…...

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References

Azrael, Deborah, et al. \"The Relationship Between Gun Ownership and Firearm-Related Mortality in the United States, 1993-2016.\" JAMA Internal Medicine, vol. 178, no. 9, 2018, pp. 1238-1245.

Braga, Anthony, and Christopher Winship. \"The Effect of Right-to-Carry Laws on Violent Crime: A Systematic Review.\" Journal of Criminology and Public Policy, vol. 18, no. 1, 2019, pp. 1-32.

Cook, Philip J., and Jens Ludwig. \"The Impact of Concealed Carry Laws on Gun Violence.\" Journal of Criminology and Public Policy, vol. 19, no. 2, 2020, pp. 421-445.

Geller, James, and Gary Kleck. \"Public Carry of Firearms and Violent Crime: A Critical Review of the Research.\" Criminology & Public Policy, vol. 18, no. 1, 2019, pp. 33-81.

Public Safety Privacy Analysis
Illinois Concealed carry ban tossed by federal appeals court

The ruling by the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals panel in Chicago allows the public to engage in personal delivery possession of ready-to-use guns and other weapons of death. The court ruled that the public should be allowed to carry their weapons for self-defence outside their homes.

Some lawyers who had fundamental details concerning the need to prevent the public from accessing and using weapons for self-defence outside their homes had some reservation relating to the ruling. Part of the groups that advocated for this ruling was the gun owners association. This association advocated free leverage to allow citizens of the United States of America to carry guns and other dangerous weapons. The arms are to be carried when they leave their apartments in order to improve on their self-defence mechanisms. According to gun control advocates, it is essential to…...

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References

Bardes, B.A., Shelley, M.C., & Schmidt, S.W. (2010). American government and politics today: The essentials. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Bartee, A.F. (2006). Privacy rights: Cases lost and causes won before the Supreme Court.

Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Callahan, J.M. (2001). Deadly force: Constitutional standards, federal policy guidelines, and officer survival. Flushing, N.Y: Looseleaf Law Publications.

The Pro Concealed Carry Debate: A Multifaceted View of Personal Defense and Individual Freedom
The "pro-concealed carry" debate revolves around the argument that individuals should have the right to carry concealed weapons for personal protection. Those in favor of concealed carry argue that this right is supported by the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution, which guarantees the right to keep and bear arms (U.S. Const. amend. II). They contend that allowing law-abiding citizens to carry concealed weapons contributes to public safety by deterring crime and enabling individuals to defend themselves in dangerous situations.


One of the key contentions by proponents of concealed carry is the deterrence effect. esearch has suggested that criminals are less likely to attack someone they believe to be armed (Lott, 1998).
The presence of concealed weapons among the public arguably creates uncertainty for potential offenders, thus potentially reducing the likelihood of crime.…...

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References

Ayoob, M. F. (2014). The truth about defense spray and self-defense. Personal Defense Network.

Branas, C. C., Richmond, T. S., Culhane, D. P., Ten Have, T. R., & Wiebe, D. J. (2009). Investigating the link between gun possession and gun assault. American Journal of Public Health, 99(11), 2034-2040.

Cramer, C. E., & Burnett, J. (2012). Shall Issue: The New Wave of Concealed Handgun Permit Laws. Bismark: North Dakota Law Review.

Kopel, D. B. (2009). The Costs and Consequences of Gun Control. Cato Institute.

"Noting the high rate at which young, black males are stopped by police and the fact that it is currently a felony to possess a concealed handgun, he said that an honest, law-abiding, young, black male would be 'nuts' to carry a concealed handgun in Illinois" (2010: 74). It cannot be denied that people living in urban areas who must defend themselves with concealed handguns have the most to gain from passing conceal and carry laws. The absent of police protection is, in general, more absent from these areas than other less-dangerous neighborhoods, which seems ironic. Lott states that in a 1982 American Housing Survey, 60 thousand households were asked if their neighborhoods had adequate police protection. lack, urban area residents were twice as likely as whites to report that they did not have adequate protection, and six times more likely to say that they had considered moving because…...

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Bibliography

"Approve Conceal-carry Law in Illinois | Illinois, Right, People." The Telegraph. 9 Mar.

2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2011.  http://www.thetelegraph.com/articles/illinois-51389-right-people.html 

"Concealed Carry Legislation: An Examination of the Facts." Wisconsin Policy Research

Institute Report 19.4 (2006). Print.

Right to Carry Handguns for Self-Protection:
The right to carry handguns for law abiding citizens has been a continual social and political debate about the restriction or availability of firearms within the country. Actually, the right to carry handguns has developed to become one of the major controversial and intractable issues within the social and political environments in the nation. The main reason attributed to the development of this controversial issue is the constitutional provision regarding firearms and the government's responsibility to prevent criminal activities, maintaining order, and safeguarding citizens' well-being. The debate has been characterized by different reasons that have been raised by intellectuals, social activists, and advocates in support and opposition of the controversial issue.

Historical Overview:

The debate regarding the right to carry and keep firearms can be traced to the inception of the gun culture, which explained the affections of American's citizens in adopting and celebrating handguns as part…...

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Works Cited:

Arnold, Larry. "The History of Concealed Carry, 1976-2011." Texas Concealed Handgun Association. Texas Concealed Handgun Association, 25 Feb. 2012. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. .

"THE FACTS: WHY RIGHT TO CARRY IS RIGHT FOR MISSOURI!" MOCCW - The Fight for Concealed Carry in Missouri. MOCCW.org, 9 May 2006. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. .

"National Right to Carry Reciprocity Act of 2012" Introduced in U.S. Senate." USA Carry. USA Carry, 14 Mar. 2012. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. .

"Right-To-Carry 2012." NRA-ILA: Insitute for Legislative Action. National Rifle Association of America. Institute for Legislative Action, 28 Feb. 2012. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. .

Citizens Should Be Allowed to Carry Concealed Handguns
First Paragraph

Gun control laws punish the innocent.

Second Paragraph

Gun control laws lower the crime rate.

Third Paragraph refutation paragraph

Rough Draft - Citizens Should be Allowed to Carry Concealed Handguns

Gun control laws are a hot topic of controversy. Currently, there is not enough legislation that supports the right for people to carry handguns.

Thesis Statement) There should be appropriate legislation and laws passed to allow for citizens to carry concealed handguns.

Gun control laws punish the innocent.) Many people feel that in order to prevent criminals from using guns that improved legislation should be passed to provide tougher laws which restrict the purchase of a handgun and stricter punishment if the laws are broken. People who are against stricter gun control laws feel that the average citizens' constitutional rights would be invaded. To allow citizens the right to carry concealed handguns will discourage violent crimes. Many states have…...

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2nd paragraph-(Lowers crime rate). Currently there are 31 states that have enacted "shall issue" concealed weapon laws. The rest of the states should also adopt this legislation and allow citizens to carry concealed weapons. Laws to allowed concealed weapon permits to anyone over 21 who has completed a gun-safety program, has no criminal record, and is mentally sound. Statistics prove the safety of men, women, and minorities increase when laws allow for concealed weapons. A study shows that when state concealed-handgun laws went into effect in a county, murders fell by about 8%, rapes fell by 5%, and aggravated assaults fell by 7%. Lott (1997) states that criminals are less likely to attack a weaker victim, such as a woman or an elderly person, if there is a possibility that there might be a concealed weapon. JAMA reports studies which show a 15% drop in homicides in areas where adults are allowed to carry concealed weapons (Mitka, 1998).

3rd paragraph -- the (refutation paragraph). Thirty states have lenient concealed-weapons laws, but only in Vermont can anyone carry a hidden handgun without a license or permit (U.S. News and World Report, 2003). Citizens should have the ability to carry a concealed weapon, but this action alone will not ensure their safety. Crimes will still happen and even those who carry handguns will not always act responsibly. However, by having the right to legally carry concealed weapons, people will be able to better protect themselves against the possibility of a fatal crime. The presented statistics from Lott's study show strength in the argument for use of concealed handguns and should at least give pause to those who oppose concealed handguns. Crime fighting methods that potentially offer over an eight percent drop in murder rates are difficult to ignore.

There will always be the debate concerning concealed handgun laws. Those supporting the stricter gun control laws will continue oppose legislation and lobby the government to restrict the use of handguns. However, with citizens being more concerned about their safety and the wave of increased terrorism there should be more support and better legislation to allow citizens the right to lawfully carry concealed

S. Circuit Court of Appeals to reaffirm restrictive gun laws since the Second Amendment was not infringed by a law that requires firearm owners to demonstrate proper cause (Nimmo par, 2).
The unanimous decision by the three-judge panel was regarded as a victory for the New York State law, the American constitution, and families throughout New York who are appropriately concerned regarding the plight of gun violence that is a major problem to all communities. There are various groups in the gun industry such as the Second Amendment Foundation and the National Rifle Association have been filing cases against cities and states throughout the country on the basis of the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The ruling re-affirming restrictive gun control laws has followed the significant increase in the number of the sale of guns.

Gun Control Laws in Other States:

Generally, crime rates associated with gun violence have increased unusually in…...

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Works Cited:

"Banning Assault Weapons - a Legal Primer for State and Local Action." Legal Community Against Violence. Legal Community Against Violence, Aug. 2005. Web. 20 Dec. 2012. .

Baynes, Terry, Eddie Evans, and Todd Eastham. "Appeals Court Upholds New York Gun Licensing Law." Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 27 Nov. 2012. Web. 20 Dec. 2012. .

Garrett, Ben. "New York Gun Rights - an Overview of Gun Laws in New York." About.com - Civil Liberties. About.com., n.d. Web. 20 Dec. 2012. .

Gius, Mark. "The Effect of Gun Ownership Rates on Homicide Rates: A State-level Analysis." Applied Economics Letters 16 (2009): 1687-690. Print.

Concealed Gun Carrying on College Campuses
College is a stage in a young person's life that is filled not only with hard work, the proverbial sweat, and often tears, but also with fun, new friends, and new love. It is one of the most carefree and happy times in life, between the restrictions of school and the woes of work. It is unfortunate, therefore, that some criminals feel the need to prey on the young and innocent lives contained within tertiary campuses today. Particularly, the victimization of women in the form of assault, rape, and murder, is increasingly reported. For this reason, an increase has also been seen in the call for the right of campus students to carry concealed weapons. The main argument in favor of this position is that students who are otherwise vulnerable to vicious and sometimes murderous attacks will be able to protect themselves from potential…...

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References

Birnbaum, R. (2012). Ready, Fire, Aim: the College Campus Gun Fight. Retrieved from:  http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED537905.pdf 

Cavanaugh, M.R., Bouffard, J.A., Wells, W., and Nobles, M.R. (2012, Dec.). Student Attitudes Toward Concealed handguns on Campus at 2 Universities. American Journal of Public Health. 102(12). Retrieved from:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3519323/ 

Teeple, K., Thompson, A. & Price, J.H. (2012). Armed Campuses: The Current Status of Concealed Guns On College Campuses. The Health Education Monograph. 29(2). Retrieved from:  http://etasigmagamma.org/ 

Whaley, S. (2015, Apr. 6). The Nevada "campus carry" bill approved in Assembly. Review Journal. Retrieved from:  http://www.reviewjournal.com/news/nevada-legislature/nevada-campus-carry-bill-approved-assembly

Gun violence in America has always been a great concern to communities, families and law enforcement officials. But in recent years gun violence has received a great deal more publicity and public concern because of the mass shootings -- particularly in schools -- that the media focuses on in great detail. In other words, a law-abiding family living in a quiet small town in Vermont is impacted emotionally when a gunman enters a school in California or Connecticut and murders innocent children. This paper identifies recent trends in mass shootings, potential laws that would attempt to keep guns out of the hands of mentally disturbed and violent individuals, and how the National Rifle Association (NRA) uses unethical tactics to promote its paranoid obsession that government is out to take guns away from law-abiding gun owners.
Recent Mass Shootings

Of the many gruesome mass killings that have been reported on television screens and…...

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Works Cited

Castillo, Marianne. "NRA clear on gun debate stance: arm schools." CNN. Retrieved May 12,

2015, from   2012.http://www.cnn.com .

Cohen, Amy P., Azrael, Deborah, and Miller, Matthew. "Rate of Mass Shootings Has Tripled

Since 2011, Harvard Research Shows." Mother Jones, Retrieve May 12, 2015, from   2012.http://www.motherjones.com .

Second mendment to the Constitution of the United States can often be as prevalent and potentially divisive as the First mendment, which covers freedom of speech, freedom of the press and the establishment caused which has come to justify the perceived separation of church and state. While there are practical and common-sense applications for gun ownership and rights, there are some weapons that probably shouldn't be in the hands of normal civilians and some people should not be allowed to own guns period due to things like felonious history, mental health issues and other similar conditions.
There has always been a butting of heads regarding what the Second mendment refers to and what it does not. To be precise, the ratified version of the Bill of Rights that was signed by Thomas Jefferson stated it "a well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the…...

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A map that shows where concealed carry is allowed and which states allow reciprocity with others.

Washburn, Michael. "Our Favorite Weapon." The New York Times. The New York Times, 28 Jan. 2012. Web. 9 May 2014. .

A profile of prolific gun maker Glock and their ubiquity in the United States gun culture and the homes of owners.

Gun Control Legislation
Gun control is not one concern, but several. To some people gun control is a crime issue; to others it is a rights issue. Gun control is a safety issue, an education issue, a racial issue, and a political issue. Within each of these issues, there are those who want more gun control legislation and those who want less. Guns are not for everyone. Certain individuals cannot handle a firearm safely, and some individuals choose to use firearms inappropriately. Our society has passed laws regulating the ownership and use of firearms, and additional legislation is being considered. Most of this legislation restricts, to some degree, the rights of individuals to possess or use firearms. Some restrictions may be necessary, but some recent legislation has gone too far. Society benefits from firearms in the hands of responsible citizens, and taking firearms away from such citizens will do more harm…...

New York City has some of the toughest gun laws in the country. And it's essentially impossible for a normal, law-abiding citizen to acquire a concealed handgun permit. The result is that the majority of New Yorkers are defenseless against the criminals who wish to prey on them. As pointed out by the NY Times article, the SQF program does little to stop criminals, but does a great deal to strip away a New Yorker's fundamental right of self-defense. This is counterintuitive to public safety. hile crime prevention is an important aspect of police work, the reality is the majority of the time law enforcement arrives after a crime has been committed.

The answer then is to arm New York. Arm the public. Restore their fundamental right of self-defense. There's an old saying, "An armed society is a polite society," and this rings true all across the country (except for places…...

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Works Cited

Blannelberry, S.H. (2011). Ron Paul on Guns. Guns.com. Retrieved from  http://www.guns.com/ron-paul-on-guns.html 

McKnight, G.D. (1998). The Last Crusade: Martin Luther King, Jr., the FBI and the Poor People's Campaign. Boulder, CO: Westview Press

Rivera, R., Baker, a. & Roberts, J. (2010, July 6). A Few Blocks, 4 Years, 52,000

Police Stop. The New York Times. Retrieved from  

Firearms Legislation and Firearms-Related Violence in Europe
This paper examines the relationship between firearms legislation and gun-related violence across countries and regions in Europe. The focus of the paper is to identify possible sources of literature to help answer questions regarding whether legislation is an effective tool in reducing firearms-related violence. The paper focuses on variance of gun violence rates throughout Europe, gun legislation, and possible national strategies for addressing the issue of gun violence. It finds that there are many variables that impact regions and can effect greater or lesser rates of gun violence -- factors such as education, culture, economic stability, political instability, and so on. No two countries are the same in terms of people, customs, traditions, ideals, and execution of the law. It is therefore important to better understand how culture plays a role in determining the effects of firearms-related violence in throughout Europe. This information could…...

1. The racial gap in reported gun ownership in the United States is significantly influenced by historical and cultural factors, where African Americans, despite facing higher rates of gun violence, report lower gun ownership rates due to systemic distrust in law enforcement and the legacy of discriminatory gun control laws.

2. Socioeconomic disparities play a critical role in the racial differences in gun ownership, with economic barriers often preventing minority communities from legally acquiring firearms, thereby skewing the statistics on reported gun ownership.

3. Cultural attitudes towards guns vary widely among racial groups, with White Americans often viewing gun ownership as a....