The stronger the market pressure for profit, the greater the pressure applied on their profit and care conscience decision. In their strongly competitive share market environment, survival depends or means the generation of larger profits in order to grow and resist takeovers. Those who can afford or choose to ignore their conscience succeed only at the expense of those who cannot or do not. There is no other way to look at the situation. Society views health care providers as those who can be trusted in a socially responsible way even under pressure and to place patient care ahead and above personal considerations and convenience. Recent and continuing events in the health care marketplace in the U.S.A. strongly indicate the response of the market to adverse economic factors and the instability that response creates in the patients and their care. Market demands for large profits have caused companies to…...

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Bibliography

1. Ping, a.C. Profits vs. Principles. Insight Works P/L, 2001.  http://www.insight-works.com/Articles/New-ways/Trustme.htm 

2. Outsourcing Times. Is Caller Abuse Worth it? Dotmarketer, 2005. http://www.blogsource.org/call_centers

3.Putnam, Mark S. Getting Rid of Greed: Choosing Principle over Profit. Character Training Center, 2003. http://www.character-ethics.org/articles/greed.htm

4. Sleek, Scott. The Battle of Creativity: Principle vs. Profit. APA Monitor: American Psychological Association, 1998.  http://apa.org/monitor/oct98/good.html

Business Ethics Focus on Merrill Lynch
According to Laura Hartman and her co-writer, Joe Desjardins in the work entitled "Business Ethics: Decision Making for Personal Integrity & Social esponsibility" philosophical ethics may be clearly differentiated from theological ethics because theological ethics attempted to disseminate the well-being of an individual on a religious basis while the ethics of an individual's philosophy is such that provisions of justifications that can be applied to all people regardless of their religious starting points. (paraphrased) In other words, there is always a reason for doing the ethical thing in business from a philosophical view without religion even having to enter into the discussion because ethics in business are rational, honest and in the end more profitable to all stakeholders in terms of the OI or return on investment.

It is certain that individuals such as Bernie Madoff and those at the helm of companies such as Merrill…...

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References

Fact Sheet 16: Employment Background Checks: A Jobseeker's Guide. (2013) Privacy Rights Clearinghouse. Retrieved from:  https://www.privacyrights.org/fs/fs16-bck.htm#3 

Floris, M. (2013) Engaging Social Capital Through Participative Decision-Making Processes. Retrieved from: SSRN:   or  http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2176352 http://ssrn.com/abstract=2176352 

Hartman, L. And DesJardins, J. (2011) Business Ethics: Decision-Making for Personal Integrity & Social Responsibility. 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Kelly, M. (2013) The Economy Under New Ownership. CasePlace.org. Retrieved from:  http://www.caseplace.org/d.asp?d=6860

d.).
When a company deals with its purchasing in unethical ways, it cannot suppose its suppliers to be trustable associates and guarantee business continuity. If one doesn't align with something, they shouldn't expect others to do it either. This weakens the entire value chain making it less aggressive in the market. Hence it is important for both buyer and supplier to connect in ethical dealings in their transactions (Ethical Buying or Ethics in Purchasing, 2011).

Ethical issues arise largely in three areas of procurement practice and all three should be considered when doing business:

Procurement conduct: this refers to the way that staff does business. The way that procurement is carried out.

Selection of Suppliers: does ones institution seek to promote its corporate responsibility objectives through its purchasing activity and supplier relationships? Will ethical criteria be used to exclude or positively discriminate in favor of certain suppliers?

Supplier's practice: is one clear about the extent…...

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References

Ethical Buying or Ethics in Purchasing. (2011). Retrieved from http://procurense.com/?p=105

Procurement and business ethics. (2008). Retrieved from www.purco.co.za/.../PROCUREMENT%20ETHICS%201-1107.doc

Procurement ethics. (n.d.). Retrieved from  http://www.purco.co.za/uploads/documents/news/Procurement_ethics_2.pdf 

Procurement ethics. (2006). Retrieved from  http://www.esourcingforum.com/archives/2006/06/28/procurement-ethics/

2). These are important issues because fire chiefs are routinely confronted with actual ethical dilemmas that involve conflicting or competing public and private values as well as corresponding conflicting professional responsibilities (Haraway & Kunselman, 2009). This point is also made by Pammer and Killian (2003) who cite the expanded responsibilities of both fire chiefs and line personnel in recent years. According to these authorities, "A successful fire chief today is assessed according to his or her administrative capabilities, educational level, and experience at managing programs. Premiums are placed on personal commitments to customer service, managing diversity, and notions of economy and efficiency" (Pammer & Killian, 2003, p. 132).
BEGIN HEE

"Line personnel have found themselves inundated with change: new initiatives, programs, and philosophies (i.e., Total Quality Management, Data-Driven Decision Making, Benchmarking and Value-Added Service Delivery) that are both confusing and seemingly unrelated to emergency mitigation."

"esistance and frustration are common. Staff personnel,…...

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References

Fitzpatrick, D.P. (2006, Fall). Moving beyond the noble cause paradigm: Providing a unified theory of ethics for 21st Century American policing. Forum on Public Policy: A Journal

of the Oxford Round Table, 37-40.

Fleming, R.S. (2010, Fall). Balancing the evolving roles of the fire service executive. Business Renaissance Quarterly, 5(3), 133-137.

Haraway, W.M. & Kunselman, J.C. (2009, Spring). Ethical leadership and administrative discretion: The fire chief's hiring dilemma. Public Personnel Management, 35(1), 1-4.

Business Ethics
Company Overview

Ethics and Code of Conduct

Guiding Principles

Our Ideology;

Our Objectives;

Our Core Values that shape us;

As a part of my Business Ethics lesson I have a task to criticize and improve my company's code of ethics, before doing that I want to briefly explain about my company; MLS Holding and what we do? The most effective statements in regard to business ethics are rooted in the strategic vision of an organization and the business philosophy and its stakeholders (Kinni, 2013). The moral value of authentic ethical leadership is clear and has many business benefits (Dobelli, 2013). This report will outline the business ethical position of MLS Holdings and offer improvements that could be used to strengthened the company's code of conduct in the future.

Company Overview

MLS Holding is a Family Holding company established in 1992 and the Company is currently working out of two main branches. One branch is the Manufacturing &…...

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Works Cited

Dobelli, R. (2013). Leading with Authenticity. Harvard Business Review, 1.

Kinni, T. (2013). Words to Work. Harvard Business Review, 3-4.

Portunus. (N.d.). Portunus Code Of Conduct. Retrieved from Portunus:  http://www.portunus.com/Portunus_Code_Of_Condact.html

Business Ethics
"the High Cost of High-Tech Foods case"

The cost of high-tech food continues to arouse debates over the ethical, moral, and practical impacts the foods have on the people, market, and economy. However, it is evident that the proponents and opponents of the motion do not seem to come to agreement as each holds their view right. The situation worsens due to the application of emotions in addressing the matter at hand. Evaluating the case in "The High Cost of High-Tech Foods" presents various ethical aspects arising about the subject of genetically modified food.

The opponents to the GMO present the case that the proponents are not honest in telling people the truth over the effects of the GMO. Thus, the first issue is honesty. Secondly, there is the legal issue of ethics arising in the concept. The legal issue claims that the proponents of the high tech foods do not…...

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References

Carroll, A.B., & Buchholtz, A.K. (2012). Business & society: Ethics and stakeholder management. Mason, OH: CL-South-Western Cengage Learning.

Veseth, M. (2013). Backwaters of global prosperity: How forces of globalization and GATT/WTO trade regimes contribute to the marginalization of the world's poorest nations. Choice, 50(10), 1773. Retrieved from  http://search.proquest.com/docview/1365843856?accountid=458

Business Ethics
Ethical Egoist- Egoism can be either descriptive or normative. Descriptive egoism holds that for each individual, there is only one ultimate aim -- survival and the betterment of the sole individual based on their own hierarchical principles. Normative egoism has the individual making claims about what should be done to do the "right" thing, rather than what one does. As well, ethical egoism insists that for an action to be morally right that it must maximize one's own self-interest; rational egoism says that the action is rational if it does the same. This is in contrast to altruism, which says morally we have the obligation to help and serve others; egoism elevates the self (the individual) above others in finding morality (Singer, 1990).

Essentially, the argument follows that each of us is most familiar with our own wants and needs. We do not know the wants and needs of others…...

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REFERENCES

Social Contract Theory. (2009). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from: http://www.iep.utm.edu/soc-cont/

Feinberg, J., et.al. (2008). Reason and Responsibility: Readings in Some Basic Problems of Philosophy. Belmont, CA: Thompson Higher Education.

Gay, P. (1996). The Enlightenment: The New Science of Freedom. New York: Norton.

Singer, Peter. (1990). Egoism. In Baier, K., ed. A Companion to Ethics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

The less direct the impact, the more likely the stakeholder is to use consequentialist considerations to just the actions of managers. For example, government did not react to the need for improved governance and pass Sarbanes-Oxley until after multiple scandals had occurred. Millions of Americans lost money and faith in the financial system was eroded, threatening further harm. If the scandals had not resulted in outcomes so severe, it is unlikely that SOX would ever have been dreamed up.
Given the emphasis on consequentialist assessment, the onus on managers is therefore to fully assess society's reaction to the expected outcomes of their actions. This works mainly when managers properly assess the expected outcomes -- something the likes of Kenneth Lay and Bernard Ebbers did not do. These outcomes must consider the impacts on the gamut of stakeholders. Ethical problems occur when there is goal conflict between the stakeholder groups (Heath,…...

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Works Cited:

deGeorge, Richard T. (2005). A History of Business Ethics. Markkula Center for Applied Ethics. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from  http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/conference/presentations/business-ethics-history.html 

Fisse, Brent & Braithwaite, John. (1993). Corporations, Crime and Accountability. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from  http://books.google.com/books?id=jJ0AUYA71nAC&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=corporation+rational+actor+ethics&source=bl&ots=0coi6X0tbv&sig=sictZG4yTQv2heEgV2OshTF_QQM&hl=en&ei=wI8ISoD9NKHhtgfJ_vGIBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1 

Barrionuevo, Alexei & Eichenwald, Kurt. (2006). For Ken Lay, Enron's Riches Turning to Ruin. New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from  http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/26/business/26lay.html 

Monks, Robert A.G. & Minow, Nell. (2003). Corporate Governance. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from  http://books.google.com/books?id=RGmHAVPhmRwC&dq=business+ethics+corporate+governance&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=h6AZpV875B&sig=PkSgJtkk6Lsy7hekkVrAPayRrjA&hl=en&ei=a5cISr6fOoqjtgfKm5GZBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7#PPA2,M1

Thus high relativistic individuals and low idealistic individuals were likely to view slavery as a necessary evil to accomplish the goals set by society, while high idealistic individuals were perturbed by the harm that slavery caused to the slaves.
The concepts of relativism and idealism apply in business setting as well. Business ethics can be defined as written and unwritten codes of principles and values that govern decisions and actions within a company. In the business world, the organization's culture sets standards for determining good and bad behavior.

Ethical dilemmas arise when an employee's personal ethics, his morals, conflict with the business ethics set by an organization. For example situations have developed where doctors refuse to give abortions because it conflicts with their personal beliefs about terminating a human life. Alternatively, a judge may follow the law and impose the death penalty even though he or she may be personally opposed…...

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REFERENCE LIST

Desnoyer, G. (2010). Ethics and Morality. Retrieved from: http://www.endusmilitarism.org/ethicsandmorality.html.

Douglas, P.C., Davidson, R.A., & Schwartz, BX (2001). The effect of organizational culture and ethical orientation on accountants' ethical judgments. Journal of Business Ethics, 34, 101-121.

Forsyth, D.R. ( 1980). A taxonomy of ethical ideologies. Journal of Social Psychology, 39(1): 175-184.

Forsyth, D.R. (1992). Judging the morality of business practices: The influence of personal moral philosophies. Journal of business Ethics, 11, 461-470.

Business Ethics
Ethics is a very significant issue in all businesses because it illustrates the moral values of any given business, according to an article in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Business Administration. This paper reviews and critiques the article. Authors Aytac Gokmen and A. Turan Ozturk present a study of business ethics issues in both domestic and international businesses.

Review / Critique of Article

The authors posit that ethical behaviors in an organizational setting "motivate employees" and "satisfies their necessities" (Gokmen, et al., 2012, p. 82). The authors contend that when employees are working in a fair, ethical environment their performance is enhanced. The issue of ethics goes beyond moral principles and fairness, according to this article. There are fundamental approaches to ethics that also enhance the quality of employees' performance: a) justice (means being treated impartially in an organization); b) a human rights aspect is important as well (equality among employees…...

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Works Cited

Gokmen, Aytac, and Ozturk, A. Turan. (2012). Issues of Business Ethics in Domestic and International Businesses: A Critical Study. International Journal of Business Administration,

3(5), 82-89.

Without this duty to take car of one another, government and society would have no reason to exist. Because man is a social creature, it seems reasonable that society is meant to exist, but that society will only be stable as long as everyone in it is treated fairly -- that is, ethically. Therefore, business ethics are not only important for the longevity and profitability of a specific individual business entity, but also for the advancement and stability of society as a whole.
One common business problem is reporting a loss to investors. The Enron scandal involved "creative accounting" to hide losses and so continue outside investment. Had the people at Enron behaved ethically and explained the situation honestly, they almost certainly would have suffered a loss, but the company might have survived. Accounts should always be presented honestly for this reason.

The mortgage issue is somewhat similar to the Enron…...

3). In addition, the Company strongly believes in fair dealing and has it made a central part in the Code. Each employee, officer and director should endeavor to deal fairly with the Company's customers, suppliers, competitors, officers and employees. None should take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts or any other unfair dealing practice. Stealing proprietary information, misusing trade secret information that was obtained without the owner's consent, or inducing such disclosures by past or present employees of other companies is prohibited (see Durect, 2012, p. 2). Training and Education: The Company has designated Mr. XYZ as Chief Compliance Officer to administer this Code. In addition, the company conducts three mandatory and educational activities annually as reminders about our commitment to ethics and business conduct standards at the Company. Annual activities include ecommitment to Ethics, Code of Conduct and the…...

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References

Boeing: Ethics, 2012. Accessed 28 March 2012.

Chevron: Business Conduct and Ethics Code. 2010. 1-32. Accessed 28 March 2012.

usiness Ethics
Palmeri, C&Rupp, L 2013, May 3, Disney angladesh Exit Pressure on Clothes makers Who Stay, Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-05-03/disney-bangladesh-exit-puts-pressure-on-those-who-may-stay-1-.html

The work of Palmeri and Rupp (2013) is focused on highlighting the issues faced by the multinational organizations while operating in developing markets. It is highly likely for large organizations to develop their overseas presence. However the economically developing markets a number of issues including environmental, infrastructural, and compliance with health and safety standards according to internationally acceptable norms. The research is about the decisions of multinational corporations including Disney, Wal-Mart, and J.C. Penney initiating a closure of their manufacturing sub-contracts with multiple suppliers present in angladesh. However Gap and Children's Place Retail Stores Inc. (PLCE) are reported as continuing their operations in the country and providing assistance to improve working conditions.

The incidents of carrying risks for health and safety regarding workers in the angladesh market have instigated the concerns of large…...

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Bibliography

Alam, IM, Amin, S, & Rives, JM2012, Occupational Safety among Working Children in the Export Sector of Bangladesh, International Economic Journal, (ahead-of-print), 1-13.

Cutler, DM & Ly, DP 2011, The (paper) work of medicine: understanding international medical costs, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 3-25.

Dambrin, C & Robson, K 2010, Multiple measures, inscription instability and action at a distance: performance measurement practices in the pharmaceutical industry, GroupeHEC, USA.

Ferrell, O.C., Fraedrich, J., & Ferrell, L. (2012). Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making & Cases. South-Western Pub.

Business Ethics -- obert Nardelli
Business Ethics: obert Nardelli and Home Depot

obert Nardelli became CEO of The Home Depot in 2000, despite the fact that he had no retail experience (Grow, 2008). He had previously been in management at General Electric, and he brought the Six Sigma style he had used there over to the home improvement retailer with plans to overhaul the company and completely change the culture of it (Terhune, 2007). He was successful in doing so. During his time as CEO of The Home Depot, he overhauled the entire company and greatly changed the entrepreneurial culture on which it had been built (Grow, 2008). At the time he took over, management was decentralized -- and he changed that by consolidating division executives and eliminating many of them (Weber, 2007). His leadership theory and style were clearly very different from what The Home Depot had when he arrived, but…...

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References

Grow, B. (2008). Out at Home Depot: Behind the flameout of controversial CEO Bob Nardelli. MSNBC. Business Week.

Lublin, J.S., Zimmerman, A., & Terhune, C. (2007). Behind Nardelli's abrupt exit. The Wall Street Journal.

Mui, Y.Q. (2007). Seeing red over a golden parachute; Home Depot's CEO resigns, and his hefty payout raises ire. Washington Post. p. D01.

Weber, H.R. (2007). Nardelli resigns abruptly as CEO of Home Depot, leaves with $210M. AP.com.

Business Ethics and Its Importance
How is the notion of business ethics important for management, work and organisations?

Business ethics is a form of professional ethics guiding the moral conducts of business organizations. Business ethics applies to all aspects of business process relevant to the conducts of employee and the entire organization. In a contemporary business environment, a corporate organization is being viewed as a responsible corporate citizen. Building a strong ethical culture is an integral part of strong business reputation and creating an environment of trusts among the stakeholders. (Khatri & Shrama, 2011).

The objective of this essay is to examine how the notion of business ethics is important for management, work and organisations.

Business Ethics and its important to management, and work organisations

In a contemporary business environment, business ethics is a powerful tool for branding and attaining competitive advantages. (Azmi, 2006).

"Corporate ethics programs have the potential to provide an effective method of…...

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References

Azmi, R.A. (2006). Business Ethics. Method to enhance Companies Competitive Advantage In the Globalization Era. Business Administration Dept., Faculty of Commerce, Alexandria University.

Brickley, J.A. Smith, C.W. & Zimmerman, J.L. (2000). Business Ethics and Organizational Architecture.

Carey, L.E. 1999, 'Ethical Dimensions of a Strategic Approach to HRM: An Australian

Perspective', Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 37(53): 53-67.

Corporate Governance and Performance in Industrial Engineering Sector in Bursa Malaysia
Corporate governance, a system of rules and practices that guide how a company is managed and controlled, plays a crucial role in determining the performance of organizations. In the industrial engineering sector in Bursa Malaysia, effective corporate governance practices have been identified as key drivers of success.
Impact on Performance
Empirical research has established a strong correlation between corporate governance and performance in the industrial engineering sector. Below are some key ways in which corporate governance impacts performance:
Enhanced Risk Management: Robust corporate governance mechanisms, such as independent audit committees and risk....

I. Introduction

1. Overview of ABM Strand Curriculum

   1. Focuses on Business and Management subjects.
   2. Prepares students for careers in Finance, Marketing, and Entrepreneurship.

2. Importance of ABM Education

   1. Develops critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
   2. Enhances understanding of economic principles and business operations.

II. Key Components of the ABM Strand Curriculum

1. Core Business Subjects

   1. Accountancy
   2. Business Ethics

2. Specialized Tracks

   1. Financial Management
   2. Marketing and Sales

3. Integration of Technology

   1. Utilization of software for data analysis.
   2. Emphasis on digital marketing strategies.

....

1. The impact of government regulations on business liberty
2. The role of corporate social responsibility in balancing business liberty and social responsibility
3. The importance of intellectual property rights in protecting business liberty
4. The relationship between competition and business liberty
5. Business liberty in the digital era: challenges and opportunities
6. The influence of multinational corporations on business liberty in developing countries
7. The ethical implications of business decisions on business liberty
8. The future of business liberty in a globalized economy
9. The impact of labor laws on business liberty
10. The role of entrepreneurship in promoting innovation and business liberty
11. The intersection of business liberty....

Essay Topics Regarding Business Liberty

1. The Role of Government in Regulating Business
Examine the different justifications for government regulation of business.
Discuss the pros and cons of various types of regulation, such as antitrust laws and environmental regulations.
Evaluate the effectiveness of government regulation in achieving its intended objectives.

2. The Social Responsibility of Business
Define and discuss the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR).
Analyze the arguments for and against businesses taking on social responsibilities.
Explore the implications of CSR for businesses and society as a whole.

3. The Private and Public Sectors in the Economy
Compare and contrast the roles....