Ethical Decision
Ethical Dilemma and Decision Making

In the selected scenario, a therapy patient is beginning to develop a trusting relationship with his therapist after spending a fir amount of time dealing with his depression. Under-employed and under-insured, it is clear that the patient still needs help but it is less clear that he has the necessary resources to continue paying for his therapy. Insurance payments could be guaranteed by embellishing his mental condition slightly, thus allowing the therapist to receive payment and providing the care needed, but is this proper? This paper will apply the fourteen steps in the ethical decision making process to derive an answer.

The basic situation of the ethical dilemma is whether or not it is ethically proper to report a more serious mental condition to the patient's insurance company in order to keep receiving payment for services he clearly needs. In other words, is it alright to…...

Ethical Decision Making:
Ethics refers to principles that define behavior as fair and proper and they are concerned with how a moral person should behave when it comes to making an ethical decision (Josephson Institute of Ethics, 2002). Evaluating and deciding among competing options is often key in making a fair choice since principles do not always dictate a single "moral" course of action.

The decision of whether to lay off workers to enhance profits or to cut corners on quality to meet a deadline are examples of some choices regarding ethics business owners may face (Poznak Law Firm, 2003). The use of extremely low-wage foreign workers, especially in the garment industry, is a current concern and the subject is a complex one.

There are many valid differences of opinion regarding what constitutes ethical behavior and how ethical decisions should be made and the subject is a complex one (Poznak Law Firm, 2003).…...

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Bibliography

AmCham. (April 2, 2003). Business Ethics as a factor of Country Competitiveness. Country Competitiveness Report.

Arvidson, Ed. (2002). The Wage Wrangle. Fresh Cup Magazine.

Josephson Institute Of Ethics. 2002. "Making Sense of Ethics." Retrieved on the Internet at  http://www.josephsoninstitute.org/MED/MED-1makingsense.htm .

Poznak Law Firm. 2003. "Approaches to Ethical Decision Making." Retrieved on the Internet at  http://www.poznaklaw.com/articles/bizethics.htm .

Output losses attributed toward alcohol were projected at $119 billion for 1995 (1). As this Alcohol Alert clarifies, several issues give to problem drinking that goes on in the workplace. Employers are in an exclusive situation to alleviate some of these factors and to inspire workers to seek assistance for alcohol problems.
IDENTIFY the key values and principles involved.

First, ethics or rules were broken because it is illegal to come to work under the influence of alcohol. But the purpose of these rules is not simply to control and manage disorganized or unacceptable conduct of employees. It is also meant to protect the other employees who are obligating their talents, time and exertions to the association. This shows to them that their group is just and fair. They key values involved are the fact Ethical principles do require that an individual make their corrective rules and guidelines fair, to guarantee…...

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Works Cited

Chethik, N. (2003). Redefining fatherhood. By nancy E. dowd. Fathering, 1, 1(1), 107-107.

Craig, M. (2005). Experiencing the Dowd Model. Journal of Ethical Business, 56-78.

Keaney, M. (2010). The radical political economics of douglas F. dowd. Journal of Economics, 34-67.

Sweeting, P.J. (2010). A trend-change extension of the cairns-blake-dowd model. Annals of Actuarial Science, 5(2), 143-162.

Ethical Decision Making Kimberly Gas Hub
ETHICAL DECISION MAKING IN KIMBELEY GAS HUB

The Kimberley Gas Hub is a controversial project to set up an LNG refinery facility at James Price Point near the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. The company Woodside is interested in setting up the project and it claims that it will boost the mining industry in the region and will bring economic development for the local people. Critics doubt these claims and state that the project would not have a big impact on economic development but it will have severe negative environmental consequences (Weber August, 09 2012). The controversy has increased since the project has been given a conditional go-ahead by Western Australia's Environmental Protection Agency (Lawson July, 16 2012). The ethical implications for any decision on this issue can be analyzed by using three different ethical approaches: utilitarianism, moral rights approach and justice approach.

Utilitarian Approach to Ethical…...

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References

Daft, Richard L. New Era of Management. Cengage Learning, 2008.

Hinman, Lawrence M. Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Cengage Learning, 2012.

Hitt, Michael A., J. Stewart Black, and Lyman W. Porter. Management. Pearson Education, 2006.

Lawson, Rebecca. Perth Now, "Kimberley gas hub gets nod from EPA ." Last modified July, 16 2012. Accessed August 13, 2012.  http://www.perthnow.com.au/business/browse-gets-nod-from-epa/story-e6frg2r3-1226427146206 .

Ethical Perspectives
Ethical decision making is a method that is utilized by most of the health care professionals all over the world. he principles of beneficence and autonomy are very crucial when it comes to carefully guiding the decision making process. A nurse needs to understand that the importance of these principles and thus use these principles for the patient's benefit. Chally and Loriz (1998) and Kolouroutis and horstenson (1999) have stressed on the relevance of nurses using this model to guide their practice and thus make decisions accordingly.

Being careful of a patient's autonomy means that the nurse is able to respect and understand that the patient has all the rights to make a decision about the care and treatment that the patient receives. (Mappes & DeGrazia, 2006) It is true that the patient may not have enough medical insight as the nurse and he may even make the wrong decision.…...

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The procedure led to brain ischemia. This implies that the brain of Mr. Lee, or a part of it, was damaged. Since Mrs. Annie was an expert and a senior nurse, she could be held responsible for charges of refusing to treat the patient and letting the junior nurses perform the procedure that led to the damage (Royal College of Nursing, 2013).

Appropriate Decision

In her defense, Mrs. Annie could take up the plea that the guardian or the patient did not specify that they wanted her to remove the tubing. Since she believed that this was not the right thing to do, in good interest and spirit, because removing the tubing could mean the death of the patient, she decided not to take part in the procedure (Dolgoff et. al,

Ethical Decision-Making in Criminal Justice
In the study and practice of criminal justice, determining ethical decision-making is a very challenging, if not impossible, undertaking for individuals committed to uphold the principles of justice, particularly social justice. The concept of ethical decision-making begs the question, "what is ethics, and what behavior and decisions would be considered ethical or not ethical?" In discussing the issue of ethics in criminal justice, author Banks (2008) presented numerous perspectives and arguments that represent a facet of ethical decision-making. However, she asserted that among these perspectives, ethical pluralism "seems to offer the best hope for resolving problems of relativities" (p. 16). In ethical pluralism, one accepts that there exist multiple truths, recognizing that these truths may or may not be true; ultimately, the individual who subsists to ethical pluralism is open to the idea that a belief or school of thought can be true even if at…...

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References

Banks, C. (2008). Criminal Justice Ethics: Theory and Practice. CA: Sage.

Maute, J. (2002). "In pursuit of justice" in high profile criminal matters." Fordham Law Review, Vol. 70, Issue 5.

Smith, A. (1998). "Nice work if you can get it": "Ethical" jury selection in criminal defense." Fordham Law Review, Vol. 67, Issue 2.

Fidelity is also an obligation, to the journalist's ethics in particular truthtelling. Beneficence could be applied to helping law enforcement. As the decision at hand consists of two mutually exclusive options, one of these obligations would need to be overriding. It is most likely that for the journalist this would be to communicate all of the information in keeping with the journalistic code of ethics. This approach, however, does not represent a resolution of the ethical dilemma so much as it represents a cop-out. The decision as to the absolute obligation is too subjective. If the decision-maker was going to "go with his gut," there was no need to treat the issue as an ethical dilemma in the first place. The notion of an ethical dilemma is given short shrift by a system that argues there is a dilemma but the answer is to do whatever you want and…...

Ethical Decision Making in Sales Organizations
The study of marketing, sales and company ethics has a very diverse foundation of empirical and analytical research ranging from gender- and trait-based analysis to the defining of models that seek to capture the dynamics that create ethical paradoxes and drive decision-making in organizations. In the research completed and presented in the article A Framework For Personal Selling and Sales Management Ethical Decision Making (Ferrell, Johnston, Ferrell, 2007) the authors carefully analyze trait-based and situational ethics theories and previous research. The first sections of this well-written and researched article illustrate that trait theories alone cannot explain the spectrum of ethics within sales and marketing departments and their decision-making processes, or provide insights into corporate cultural mindsets with regard to ethics. What the authors do however in this initial section of the article is frame up the foundation of their model, A Framework For Selling And…...

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References

Ferrell, O.C., Johnston, M.W., & Ferrell, L. (2007). A framework for personal selling and sales management ethical decision making. The Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27(4), 291-299.

Joseph, G.W., Pergola, T.M., & Butler, M.G. (2011). All you have to do is rearrange the numbers. Journal of Business Cases and Applications, 4, 1-20.

Martin, C.A. (2012). An empirical examination of the antecedents of ethical intentions in professional selling. Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 9(1), 19-26.

Wotruba, T.R. (1990). A comprehensive framework for the analysis of ethical behavior, with a focus on sales organizations. The Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 10(2), 29-29.

For example, virtually every element of heightened security measures necessitates a corresponding reduction in certain kinds of liberties that American citizens have come to expect in a free society. Both concerns represent rights: it is right to implement measures intended to protect the general public by thwarting potential terrorists; likewise, it is equally right to seek to preserve individual liberties in a society that has been built on valuing those liberties. Erring on the side of the former necessarily entails interfering with personal liberties. Erring on the side of the latter could very well result in the failure to protect the public from terrorism.
More generally, administrating police services involves continuously weighing right-versus-right issues. For another example, many police agencies have had to consider the relative value and importance of pursuing fleeing vehicles against the value and importance of public safety in relation to the risks to the public posed…...

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References

Fitch, B. "Good Decisions: Tips and Strategies for Avoiding Psychological Traps." FBI

Law Enforcement Bulletin Vol. 79, No. 6 (2010).

Halbert, T. And Ingulli, E. (2008). Law & Ethics in the Business Environment.

Cincinnati: West Legal Studies.

Ethical Decision Making
New Year's Eve Crisis

The ethical issues related here include the financial health of both Michael's Pasta Company (which now includes Southern Pasta) and of the restaurant chain affected by the tainted products, and the physical health of restaurant patrons. Other ethical issues such as simple honesty and business integrity are also involved in the case details, though they do not really affect the decision to be made.

Stakeholders include Michael himself as well as his company(ies) and all employees at under his employment; the restaurant's owners, managers, chefs, and customers; the FDA and other relevant governmental agencies; and eventually the former owners of Southern Pasta. From the previous Southern owner's point-of-view, the damage has been done and clearly a clean escape is being sought, so knowledge of the issues is likely to be disavowed. Michael and his company would like to minimize public knowledge regarding this as it would…...

Ethical Decision Making:
Uustal (1993) proposed a decision-making model that offers tangible steps for arriving at a morally acceptable solution when experiencing an ethical dilemma. Generally, nurses are usually faced with ethical dilemmas that are largely attributed to the nature of their work. One of the ethical dilemmas I have experienced as a nurse in the clinical setting is a situation involving a child diagnosed with brain tumor. Before the diagnosis, the child had been severely sick and went for several days without eating, which increased the severity of his illness. Even though the physicians were doing their best to save the child's life, the family became extremely worried. As a result, his parents gave him marijuana because of their extensive knowledge regarding his medical benefits. While the decision proved beneficial, the faces the risk of experiencing a recurrence of the brain tumor (James, 2011).

Uustal's model of decision-making can be applied…...

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References:

Dahnke, M.D. (n.d.). The Role of the American Nurses Association Code in Ethical Decision

Making. Retrieved September 13, 2013, from  http://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/static?pageid=864590 

James, S.D. (2011, May 5). Montana Dad Gives Cancer-Stricken Boy Marijuana Behind

Doctor's Back. ABC News. Retrieved September 13, 2013, from  http://abcnews.go.com/Health/montana-father-medical-marijuana-cancer-stricken-toddler-son/story?id=13529490&singlePage=true

Ethical Decision-Making Issues for a QA Project Manager in the Department of Veterans Affairs
Today, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) operates the country's largest healthcare system, and an important part of that system is overseeing the quality of healthcare services that are provided to the nation's veterans. This paper provides the results of a semi-structured, face-to-face interview with Mr. Brad Western, a quality assurance (QA) project manager at a local VA medical center. The structured interview questions and response are followed by a summary of the interview results and the main findings that emerged.

How those issues get resolved?

The response to this question focused on Mr. Western's role as the medical center's congressional liaison, and the ethical issues that were encountered on a routine basis as well as some special cases. According to Mr. Western, "The most frequent calls I receive from congressional offices concerns the lengthy amount of time required…...

279-306) and therefore sets the foundation for the development of an ethical culture in the organization. Finally and most importantly, the product manager must concentrate on those customers served with the appliance and put their well-being, safety and satisfaction above personal gain both from a financial and career recognition standpoint.
When the corporate culture, exposure to customers of a potentially unsafe product, and the need for staying in compliance to government regulations are considered, the product manager needs to think first of the ights Approach to ethics as defined by Kant, as in selling any product there is the explicit trust that any product sold is going to perform to the level and safety customers expect. In conjunction with this, the product manager also needs to consider the Utilitarian Approach to ethical decision making, as choosing to ship a product not in compliance that has the potential to harm customers…...

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References

Kouzes, J & Posner, B (2003). The Leadership Challenge. Jossey-Bass; 3rd edition. New York, NY. August 7, 2003; pp. 279-336, Chapters 11 & 12

ETHICAL DECISION-MAKINGEthical Decision-MakingIn the subsequent sections of this text, I will be seeking to deploy the ethical decision-making model in an attempt to determine how best to resolve the ethical dilemma presented in the scenario. The model, as presented in this case, is largely based on the work of Forester-Miller and Davis (2016) titled, Practitioners Guide to Ethical Decision Making. This is just one of the many ethical decision-making models. Indeed, according to Cottone and Claus (2000), there are many practice-relevant models that can be chosen as guides for ethical decisions in particular practice settings... (281).1. Identification of the problemJoe is concerned that Carla, his client who is undergoing counseling for depression and anxiety, will end up having sex with the said classmate whom she is interested in dating. Carla is in her first year of campus. In his opinion, such an act would not only be illegal (because the…...

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References

Cottone, R.R. & Claus, R.E. (2000). Ethical Decision-Making Models: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78, 275-283.

Forester-Miller, H. & Davis, T. (2016). Practitioner’s Guide to Ethical Decision Making. American Counseling Association.  https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/ethics/practioner-39-s-guide-to-ethical-decision-making.pdf?sfvrsn=f9e5482c_10 

Proctor, G.M. (2014). Values and Ethics in Counselling and Psychotherapy. SAGE.

Morality for today's nurses Analyze the MORAL model as a useful tool for ethical decision making.
The MORAL model is an extremely useful tool for ethical decision making. In fact, it is somewhat of a relief to realize that there are tools that help one to objectively evaluate an ethical situation. Oftentimes, ethics seems so subjective. Therefore, the MORAL model is a welcome addition to nurses as well as to everyday people who simply need help objectively examining an ethical situation.
On the one hand, this model is valuable because it causes nurses to examine a situation holistically. Specifically, the first step of the model (massage the situation) involves nurses examining a particular situation from a variety of lenses. Doing so is pivotal to understanding what is truly at stake and for whom it is at stake. The variation of the different perspectives with which a nurse views a situation then becomes the…...

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References

Guido, G. (2014). Legal and Ethical Issues in Nursing (6th ed.). Pearson, Boston, MA

 

For several years, healthcare has been an important topic, not just in the world at large, but also in academia.  Healthcare has been one of the fastest growing sectors of our economy, has offered a boom in terms of employment, and is a hot button political issue since access to healthcare remains very class-based in the modern United States.  The COVID-19 pandemic and what it has meant about access to health care and the quality of healthcare that is being provided has only made it that much more important to focus on

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Integrating experiential learning into the classroom can enhance student understanding of complex philosophical concepts in several ways:

1. Active engagement: Experiential learning encourages students to actively engage with the material through hands-on experiences, simulations, and real-world applications. This can help students gain a deeper understanding of abstract concepts by seeing how they apply in practical situations.

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