Tattoos and Piercings
Tattoos and Body Piercings

eview on the Article "Tattoos and Body Piercings" by Jon D. Bible

In this paper, we will give our review on the article "Tattoos and Body Piercings" by Jon D. Bible. We will give a description and summary of the main points presented by the author and then we will analyze the author's method of presentation. Finally we will give our opinion on the major topic of the article and define it in some detail.

Description of Major Points

The article suggests that any tattooed or pierced person who contests a cover requirement over its tattoos or pierces is most likely face a difficult time in convincing the law over its perspective i.e. that person is most likely to follow the dress code being employed by the employer. Any employee might refer to the First Amendment of the constitution of the United States as its tool for defense…...

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References

Bible, J.D. (2010). Tattoos and Body Piercings: New Terrain for Employers and Courts. Labor Law Journal, Vol. 61.

Although tattoos have become normalized in popular culture and body art in general is trendy in the general population, tattoos have traditionally served a central purpose in gang life. Gangs, including the Bloods, Crips, Latin Kings, MS13, Black Gangster Disciples, Aryan Nation, Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs, White Supremacists, Vice Lords, Yakuza, and Radical Islamists have all used tattoos for various reasons. This review of literature shows how criminal gangs use tattoos in a general sense, by drawing on the literature in psychology and sociology. Moreover, this literature review shows how different gangs may employ tattoos for different reasons using the symbolism meaningful to them. Finally, this review of literature shows how scholarly literature on gangs and tattoos can be applied to fields like criminal justice, healthcare, and education to aid in the identification of gang members and possibly even to prevent violence. Thesis: By identifying and understanding the functions and symbols…...

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References

“15 Prison Tattoos and Their Meanings,” (2014). Corrections One. Retrieved online:  

Jacques, S. (2016). What criminals’ tattoos symbolize: Drawing on Darwin, Durkheim, and Lombroso. Deviant Behavior. DOI: 10.1080/01639625.2016.1197606

Mallon, W.K. & Russell, M.A. (1999). Clinical and forensic significance of tattoos. Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal 21(3): 21-29.

Phelan, M.P. & Hunt, S.A. (1998). Prison gang members’ tattoos as identity work. Symbolic Interaction 21(3): 277-298.

Struyk, R. (2010). Gangs in our schools. The Clearing House 80(1): 11-13.

https://www.correctionsone.com/prison-gangs/articles/7527475-15-prison-tattoos-and-their-meanings/ 

One of the most popular subcultures in America is the tattoo subculture. Over the span of roughly half a century, tattooing emerged from being a trend among sailors, circus performers and side show freaks to being body ink sported by bikers, convicts, professional athletes, actors, musicians, Millennials, hipsters, Moms, Dads, and just about everyone in between. Thanks to trend setters in popular media, tattooing broke out into the mainstream in the 21st century. What was once a shocking display of body ink meant to symbolize one’s difference from others has now become so common among people today that to see a tattooed person, or a dozen of them, in a restaurant is nothing out of the ordinary. Yet, for all its popularity, tattooing is still part of a subculture: professionals in the business world tend to avoid them or at least hide the one or two they have, and many…...

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Works Cited

Fisher, Jill A. \\\\"Tattooing the body, marking culture.\\\\" Body & Society 8.4 (2002): 91-107.

Rapp, Elizabeth. Stigmatization or Decoration: Tattoo as Deviance, a Cross-Cultural Study. Senior Thesis, Williamette University.

Tabassum, Naomi Joy. Tattoo Subculture: Creating a personal identity in the context of social stigma. Diss. North Dakota State University, 2013.

Teffs, Erin. \\\\"From Cellblocks to Suburbia: Tattoos as Subcultural Style, Commodity and Self-expression.\\\\" (2010).

Vanishing Tattoo. United States. http://www.vanishingtattoo.com/tattoo_museum/united_states_tattoos.html

https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1003&context=honors_english

Because tattooing was not only a symbolic of wealth, but also represented strength and power, chiefs and warriors usually had the most elaborate tattoos (History 2006). Therefore, men who had no tattoos were held in little regard and even despised, while men whose bodies were totally tattooed, "the to-oata," were held in great esteem (History 2006).
hen a female reached the age of twelve years, her right hand was tattooed, after which she was then allowed to prepare meals and participate in the rubbing of dead bodies with coconut oil (History 2006). Female tattoos were generally less extensive than those for men, and were usually "limited to the hand, arm, feet, ears and lips," however, women of social status and wealth might also have their legs tattooed (History 2006).

Author Steve Gilbert writes that because religion was such an integral part of all daily activities, "it was not that tattooing in…...

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Works Cited

Hawthorne, Mark. (2001 August 31). The Tale of Tattoos: The history and culture of body art in India and abroad. Hinduism Today. Retrieved February 14, 2007 from HighBeam Research Library.

History of Polynesian Tattoos. (2006). Retrieved February 14, 2007 at  http://www.tahititatou.com/history.html 

Saltz, Ina. (2006). Body Type. Abrams Image. New York. Pp.12,13.

Tahiti. (1996). The World Book Encyclopedia. World Book, Inc. Pp. 14.

multiple tattoos and body piercings isn't a requirement to be served at Cafe V. However, if you don't exude the desired aura of hipster cool, be prepared to wait for ten or fifteen minutes at the door, until the bored waitress finishes her conversation, shows you to a tiny table and finally gives you a menu. The cafe is dark, and only after using the light of our cellphones were we able to read the long descriptions of the organic, vegan foods on the menu. Even then, we weren't quite sure what we were ordering because of the unfamiliar names, and we were too intimidated by the glowering waitress to ask too many questions. Besides, the stereo system was blasting too loud to hear ourselves clearly. While waiting for the food, we tried to speak, but the tables were located so close to one another it was difficult to…...

Tattoo Removal
The history of tattooing is a long and varied one. "A tattoo is a permanent mark or design made on the body when pigment is inserted into the dermal layer of the skin through ruptures in the skin's top layer." ("How Tattoo Removal Works," 2004). A more recent development in this area, however, is the issue of tattoo removal. Only recently have advances in technology made it possible to effectively remove a tattoo. The process of tattooing, which inserts ink deeply into the layers of the skin, has traditionally made it very difficult to get rid of a tattoo once it's been applied. Modern techniques for tattoo removal include; dermabrasion, salabrasion, excision (surgical removal) and laser removal. There are also less thorough methods for covering a tattoo such as scarification or tattoo modification. Currently, the most favoured method of tattoo removal is laser removal, as it leaves little scarring…...

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Bibliography

Diaz, M. "Tattoo Removal and its Emotional Impacts." TattooRemoval.org. 2003.

Web site:   (August 6, 2004).http://www.tattooremoval.org/EmotionalImpact_TRprocess.htm 

How Tattoo Removal Works." Howstuffworks.com. 2004. Web site:   (August 6, 2004).http://people.howstuffworks.com/tattoo-removal1.htm 

Tattoo History." Tatthoo.com. 2004. Web site: (August 7, 2004).http://www.tatthoo.com/tattoohistory1.htm

Along with being a working class symbol, tattoos have ostracized many foreign cultures from modern societies (Atkinson, 2004). For hundreds of years, continuing into today's world, scholarly views of tattooing have labeled the practice as deviant, abnormal, and anti-social, (Atkinson, 2004). Many Europeans and Americans frowned upon tattoos as being symbols of primitivism and heathenism. Also, tattoos have been used in prisons and in criminal organizations as marking devices. The Yakuza in Japan use full body pieces to identify gang members with their associations and accomplishments within the criminal underground. Prison tattoos have also been negatively associated with the process in Europe and the Americas. The prison tattoos of ussia are prime signifiers of criminal background and activity. American prison tattoos also represent a dark association, far outside the world of normal society.
However, despite the long standing negative associations with such ideas of tattooing, the practice has recently begun…...

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References

Atkinson, Michael. "Tattooing and Civilizing Processes: Body Modification as Self

Control." The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology. Vol. 41. 2004.

Babcock, Phillip (ed). Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English

Language. G. & C. Merriam Company Publishers. Massachusetts. 1976.

Tattoo Laws
While tattoo laws are prevalent in a lot of states, in Texas the Department of Health have made it clear that "A tattoo studio or a body piercing studio may not employ a tattooist or a body piercer unless the person is registered with the department under this chapter" (78(R) S 1317, 2003) and at any time the health department is able to refuse a license or reissue a license on a multitude of grounds that are designed to protect the public. These grounds include, but are not restricted to, "the applicant has been convicted of a violation of this chapter during the two years immediately preceding the filing of the application; (2) three years have not elapsed since the termination, by pardon or otherwise, of a sentence imposed on the applicant for a conviction associated with tattooing or body piercing" (78 (R) S 1317).

These particularly strict laws on…...

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Bibliography

78(R) SB 1317

New Laws Regarding Tattoo and Certain Body Piercing Studios," Texas Department of Health, 2003.

A viewable copy at: (www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlo/78R/billtext/SB01317F.HTM)

Martel, S. Dr. Decorating the "human canvas": Body art and your patients; tattoos and body piercing have caught on as teenage, and even preteen, fashion statements. Here's how to help your patients avoid the pitfalls of this form of self-expression.

The focus can be taken into the direction of the introduction and utilization of more secure inks that will have a compatibility with the laser technologies available currently (Adatto, 2004).
Conclusion:

The appliance and removal of tattoos is not a new phenomenon. The methods though have drastically changed with the passage of time and the advent and advancement of technology. The laser technology has drastically changed the whole scenario of tattoo removal and has now become perhaps the single entity used in the tattoo removal industry mainly because it is a low-threat, inexpensive, painless and successful procedure (Dr. Kirby & Dr. Desai, 2005).

eferences

Adatto M.A. Laser Tattoo emoval: Benefits and Caveats. Elsevier, 2004, Accessed on October 20, 2007 at http://www.elsevier.de/lasermed.

Better Health Channel. State of Victoria. 2007. Accessed on October 20, 2007 from www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au

George D. Asclepion Laser Technologies (Jena, Germany) "Tattoo removal - the emerging laser applications," 2005 Accessed on October 20, 2007…...

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References

Adatto M.A. Laser Tattoo Removal: Benefits and Caveats. Elsevier, 2004, Accessed on October 20, 2007 at  http://www.elsevier.de/lasermed .

Better Health Channel. State of Victoria. 2007. Accessed on October 20, 2007 from www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au

George D. Asclepion Laser Technologies (Jena, Germany) "Tattoo removal - the emerging laser applications," 2005 Accessed on October 20, 2007 at http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:LYqBx2busWYJ:www.asclepion.com/root_corporate/pdf/2005-04%2520Kosmetische%2520Medizin%2520TattooStar.pdf+%22is+estimated,+that+in+Germany+some+2%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=pk

Kirby W., Desai T. Tattoo removal techniques: the past, present options, and future trends. Journal TBA. January 01, 2005. Accessed on October 20, 2007 at  http://www.skinandaging.com/article/4694

You actually risk damaging the tattoo by playing football right after getting it. You'll end up on one of those Internet sites dedicated to bad tattoos if that thing gets infected -- know that. Ask Jimmy at the tattoo parlor if you don't believe me -- cleanliness is critical to a good tattoo.
Next week, after the season, you'll be able to get your tattoo and keep it healthy. Besides, after you win the state championship, the school board will face incredible public outrage if it tries to transfer you. You'll be the god of all Lemons. Yes, they could still transfer you, but it's harder to transfer a hero without looking bad.

I know what you are thinking. You want to make a statement about the policy. You and I both know that this is a bad policy and that you are in a unique position to change that policy.…...

Regulating Tattoo and ody Piercing Shops
In the United States, only 11 states have regulations and laws governing tattoo and body piercing licenses and training, while South Carolina and Oklahoma have banned tattooing in their states. Regulations help promote professionalism, and discourage "scratchers." This is important when considering disease transmission - HIV and Hepatitis in particular (Westbrook, 2003). States that have regulations promote not only professionalism but can guarantee to consumers that when they go into a tattoo or body piercing parlor that they are going to receive professional, and safe service. They can be assured that if buildings are not safe, clean and have adequate lighting that they are supported by their state and that particular parlor would be shut down.

More importantly they will know that a licensed tattoo artist has gone through proper training and an apprenticeship and all equipment and procedures in tattooing and body piercing are…...

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Bibliography

DeLio M. The Darkside of Tattooing www.faqs.org/faqs/bodyart/tattoo-faq/part8/section-11.html

Investigates some of the harmful cases of tattooing, including sex-crimes and body disfigurement. Regulation and proper licensing measures would allow for law enforcement to be able to take action against these crimes as well as lower their occurrence.

Westbrook, B.U.S. Laws Regulating Tattooing www.faqs.org/faqs/bodyart/tattoo-faq/part8/section-12.html

Article outlines the states that have laws regulating tattooing and tattoo licensing, as well as laws in Florida that make it a unique state. The 11 states that have regulations on tattoo parlors have guidelines that would be beneficial to the other states to incorporate in their laws. They are simple and pretty much common sense that will supplement my argument.

Janes used humor to describe her "failed" tattoo as a Rorschach inkblot. This was a light-hearted, comedic way of showing how what she wanted (something delicate but strong -- like an iron-wrought fence) could turn out so wrong. Dolgoff's humor is more situational -- popping Vicodin to get through a tattooing. The humor works for both pieces, because it lightens the mood: Janes refers to herself as a "badass" in a playful but serious way and Dolgoff shows a softer, more sensitive side to getting a tattoo.
I don't think they would need to be forgiven anymore. Today, so many people have tattoos that it just seems like something that is accepted. Especially as the younger generation grows up, the tattoo taboo will recede into the past like an ancient memory. It is almost like a rite of passage today -- or an expression of creative genius, as Dolgoff notes. So…...

Clinicians who are aware of these findings are better able to treat pierced patients without any social biases, and they are more aware of the need to provide counseling in relation to the importance of not relying on lay opinion on medical issues and in relation to the fact that patients with one piercing should be made aware that they may regret subsequent piercings.
The connection between impaired urine flow in connection with penile piercings suggests the need for additional studies in relation to specific procedures and piercing placement to minimize that potential complication. Other areas of further study include the possible connection between different types of sexual experimentation, risk-taking behavior, and earlier onset of first sexual experience among those with intimate body piercings.

Caliendo, C., Armstrong, M., & oberts, a. (2005). "Self-reported characteristics of women and men with intimate body piercings." Journal of Advanced Nursing, 49(5), 474-484.

Article Summary and Comparison…...

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References

Armstrong, M., Roberts, a., Owen, D., & Koch, J. (2004). "Toward building a composite of college student influences with body art." Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 27(4), 277-295.

Caliendo, C., Armstrong, M., & Roberts, a. (2005). "Self-reported characteristics of women and men with intimate body piercings." Journal of Advanced Nursing, 49(5), 474-484.

She has the right to call witnesses on her behalf and have them testify for her and she has the right to face and question any witnesses that are brought forth by the opposition.

There are several possible alternative solutions to this problem. The first solution is that the girl can be grandfathered in. Being grandfathered in means that a situation existed before a particular situation was decided upon. In this case the girl had the tattoo long before the decision was made to seek out and stop gang symbols. If she was grandfathered in it would mean that her tattoo would be ignored because she had it on her hand before the new rules applied.

Another possible alternative solution would be to have the student cover her tattoo when she was in school. Many times businesses will ask their teen employees to cover any facial piercing that they may have. One…...

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Works Cited

BETHEL SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 403 ET AL. v. FRASER, a MINOR, ET AL.

SUPREME COURT of the UNITED STATES

478 U.S. 675

July 7, 1986, Decided

cultures have customs and traditions involving body modifications and while some generate serious controversy in the contemporary society, others are widely accepted. Some are inclined to associate body modifications with vulgar ideas and believe that people who have them are uncivilized. The fact that most body modifications involve a form of self-mutilation further contributes to making it seem that a person would have to be out of his or her mind in order to do something like this. The reality is that body modifications are an active concept today and some people believe that they are a good way to express their feelings and thinking in general.
'Normal' body modifications

Numerous individuals believe that there is nothing wrong with having a tattoo or having a part of one's body pierced. Most of the modern society promotes the idea that it is perfectly normal for girls to have their ears pierced and…...

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Works cited:

Leone, Lori, "The Art and History of Body Modification," Retrieved August 25, 2013, from  http://www.lightspeedmagazine.com/nonfiction/the-art-and-history-of-body-modification/ 

Miah, Andy, "Make me a superhero: The pleasures and pitfalls of body enhancement," Retrieved August 25, 2013, from  http://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/may/01/body-enhancement-cosmetic-surgery-genetics 

"Illegal ink: reading meaning in criminal tattoos," Retrievd August 25, 2013, from  http://mindhacks.com/2008/02/03/illegal-ink-reading-meaning-in-criminal-tattoos/ 

"Scarification: Ancient Body Art Leaving New Marks," Retrieved August 25, 2013, from  http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/07/0728_040728_tvtabooscars_2.html

Art Heist Unravels: The Case of the Stolen Masterpieces

In the annals of art crime, the recent theft of a collection of priceless masterpieces from the National Gallery has sent shockwaves through the art world and beyond. The heist, which occurred under the cover of darkness, has left authorities baffled and the public reeling in disbelief.

The Stolen Treasures

The stolen works include some of the most iconic and valuable paintings in history. Among them are "The Starry Night" by Vincent van Gogh, "The Mona Lisa" by Leonardo da Vinci, and "The Girl with a Pearl Earring" by Johannes Vermeer. Their combined value....

Injury photography plays a crucial role in forensic investigations of violent crimes by enhancing accuracy and speed in the following ways 1. Documenting injuries Photographs provide a visual record of the extent and nature of injuries sustained by victims, which can help investigators accurately assess the severity of the crime and gather evidence to link suspects to the crime scene. 2. Establishing a timeline By capturing the injuries in detail, injury photography helps investigators establish a timeline of events leading up to the crime, which can aid in reconstructing the sequence of events and identifying potential suspects. 3. Preserving evidence....