This paper examines the critical role of preparation in the collective bargaining process, with a particular focus on first contract negotiations. It argues that both sides must enter negotiations equipped with detailed knowledge of their own strengths and weaknesses as well as those of the opposing party. The paper reflects on the unique challenges of a first contract scenario, where standard information-gathering techniques may be unavailable, and outlines strategic responses including slowing the process when necessary and using available information aggressively to set priorities, objectives, and initial positions that shape the tone of future negotiations.
The key to the collective bargaining process is preparation. Each side must come equipped with knowledge about the other side's positions, strengths, and weaknesses, as well as their own. Preparation allows members of bargaining teams to anticipate their opponents' strategies and demands rather than merely react to them. Adequate preparation means undertaking a significant amount of research about the other party. The purpose of this research is to place your side in a position of strength. Each side wants to take control of the negotiating process, and that can only be achieved through a keen understanding of not only the facts but also the wants and needs of the opposing party.
The implication for a member of a collective bargaining team entering a first contract negotiation is straightforward: as much research as possible must be conducted. Since there is no existing contract, many of the usual information-gathering techniques will not be available. This makes it more difficult to anticipate the other side's position. Accordingly, the team should be prepared to slow the process down as information about the other side becomes available during negotiation itself. Pausing to complete further research when necessary is a sound strategy for closing the knowledge gap.
"Setting priorities and tone for future negotiations"
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