Verified Document

Multiple Sclerosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, And Treatment Research Paper

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is, in basic terms, an inflammatory condition whereby an individual's immune system attacks, and causes damage to the protective sheath covering the nerves (also referred to as myelin) thereby disrupting normal communication between the spinal cord, the brain, and the rest of the body. Myelin provides some form of cover to the nerves, and when it is damaged, nervous axons, which are responsible for the conduction of impulses, do not function effectively. Moreover, with continued loss of myelin, the nerves become more prone to damage, and gradually deteriorate, causing the patient to develop symptoms as a result of lost or diminished impulses. The symptoms experienced will depend on the nerves affected, as well as the extent of damage. It is estimated that around 400,000 persons in the U.S. suffer from MS. Causes

The actual cause of MS is yet to be discovered; however, most theories describe it as an auto-immune disease caused by various factors ranging from childhood viral infections to genetics (Mayo Clinic, 2014; National MS Society, 2014). Vitamin D deficiency and over-consumption of salt have also been identified as other possible causes of the disease, but these are theories that are yet to be proven.

Risk Factors

So, what would actually make one individual more prone to MS, compared to another?

Age: MS has been found to be more common among people of younger ages, particularly those aged between 15 and 60 (Mayo Clinic, 2014). The disease is very rare among young children,...

It is more prevalent in Europe, northern U.S., Southern Australia, New Zealand, and Southern Canada; and less common in Africa and Asia (Mayo clinic, 2014). According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (National MS Society, 2014a), the high prevalence rates in temperate zones is due to the fact that such zones experience relatively low amounts of sunlight, and people in such areas have lower levels of vitamin D, which is believed to protect the body against immune-mediated health conditions.
Family History: genetics do have a critical role to play in the development of MS - one has a higher risk of developing the disease if they have a first-degree relative with the same (Mayo Clinic, 2014). However, the risk has been found to be relatively low.

Infectious Factors: childhood exposure to such viruses as Epstein Barr, which causes mononucleosis and other bacteria and microbes recognized as causes of myelin damage increases one's risk of contracting MS…

Sources used in this document:
References

Mayo Clinic. (2014). Diseases and Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 6th November 2014 from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/multiple-sclerosis/basics/definition/con-20026689?_ga=1.209196946.1672730246.1415525789

National MS Society. (2014a). What Causes MS? National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Retrieved 7th November 2014 from http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS/What-Causes-MS

National MS Society. (2014b). Researchers Report MS-Related Gene in More Women than Men. National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Retrieved 7th November 2014 from http://www.nationalmssociety.org/About-the-Society/News/Researchers-Report-MS-Related-Gene-in-More-Women-t
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Multiple Sclerosis
Words: 761 Length: 3 Document Type: Research Paper

Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis or MS refers to an autoimmune, chronic condition which impacts physical movement, function and sensation. The problem sets in following neuron insulation destruction (i.e., myelin sheath destruction) within an individual’s central nervous system (CNS) (Cengage Learning, 2013). Symptoms of the disorder start showing up at early adulthood, greatly impacting patients’ domestic, social, and professional lives. As the absence of myelin retards action potential conduct, the disorder is

Multiple Sclerosis Etiology Multiple Sclerosis,
Words: 3721 Length: 12 Document Type: Term Paper

) between 20 and 50. Studies have shown that people with multiple sclerosis who exercise: c.) have less fatigue How many people in the United States are diagnosed with multiple sclerosis every week? A b.) about 200 ("Take the FDA Consumer") Dealing with Depression As depression is reportedly the most common psychiatric disorder in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, those caring for MS patients who express any sort of suicidal ideation should be closely monitored and referred

Multiple Sclerosis
Words: 1330 Length: 5 Document Type: Research Paper

Multiple Sclerosis Samira Ghaniwala Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease caused by activated T cells that gain entry into the central nervous system. The injury results from inflammation and T cell destruction. There are typical symptoms that co relate with the area involved. There are also remissions and relapses which can be triggered by certain factors. Diagnosis of the disease requires visualization of the lesions in the central white matter, on an

Multiple Sclerosis This Is a
Words: 789 Length: 3 Document Type: Thesis

Once the nerve fibers are damaged, the nerve impulses that travel to and from the brain and spinal cord are interrupted, causing the variety of symptoms that can occur. Most people with MS learn to manage the disease and continue to have satisfying, useful, and positive lives. Signs and Symptoms Symptoms vary widely, depending on the amount of damage and which particular nerves are affected. People with severe cases of multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis "Whole-Brain" Disease Multiple
Words: 2355 Length: 8 Document Type: Research Paper

Its priorities are intergenerational programs for older but active citizens, which support independent living. These include housing, access to work, education, training and leisure, transition planning for younger disabled people and local action for the stigma of mental health problems (Department of Health p 8). National Multiple Sclerosis Society NMSS was organized in 1946 by those who want to do something about MS now (NMSS, 2010). They work together towards a

Multiple Sclerosis
Words: 1504 Length: 4 Document Type: Research Paper

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease. It affects the brain and spinal cord, and damages the covers that insulate the nerve cells. When these covers are damaged, the nervous system experiences a breakdown in communication. This causes a wide range of symptoms and signs that can affect numerous areas of the body. Mental and physical problems appear, along with a host of psychiatric issues in some patients. Multiple sclerosis can

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now