Mass Casuality Decontamination
Mass Causality Decontamination
Throughout the past era, worries about possible terrorist acts concerning weapons of mass destruction (WMD) directed Congress and the President to obtain a complete counteract terrorism strategy that was aimed at stopping a chemical, biological, or nuclear attack and improving domestic attentiveness. The organization of choice for national significance management has been the Department of Defense. Of the $1.2 billion taken in the FY 2000 business plan purposely for WMD reply, most of it went to DOW Overreliance on the military for domestic (Wynd, C. 2006) WMD defense, nevertheless, may reduce the military's war combating capacity and holds the potential for breach of individual rights. Given that these attacks are confronting to avoid and may take place anywhere and at any time, mass decontamination is one of the significant factors to controlling the distresses of such an occurrence, saving lives, and limiting the number of injuries.
To further study decontamination, it is essential to consider things like terrorism so we can understand why this method is needed. Terrorism, by definition, includes an unplanned act of violence guided against possessions or persons to intimidate and pressure governments for political, religious, or ideological determinations. Typically, these acts of violence are directed in opposition to the innocent, and devices of terror may involve several procedures. Terrorism is developing more prevalent in our people and has been called "the war of the future." Eruptions and bombings end in substantial property destruction and include large numbers of fatalities and as a result they are one of the most common techniques of terrorism employed currently. However, since the disbanding of the Soviet Union there has been a risen apprehension that terrorist sets will use nuclear, biological, and chemical weaponry of essence damage in the future. One of the most well-known occurrences of terrorism in current history including chemical agents happened in 1995, when associates of the Aum Shinrikyo cult discharged the deadly nerve agent sarin into an crowded Tokyo underpass, instigating more than 5000 wounds and developing in 12 deaths. Later that year, the Federal Bureau of Investigation exposed a terrorist plot to remove chlorine gas at the Disneyland theme playground in California.
Mass casualty crises, by definition, are described by the unexpected arrival of large amounts of casualties that exceed the competences of local emergency and medical reserves. An example from recent history is illustrative, such as the Korean Airline Flight accident. On August 6, 1997, Korean Airlines Flight 801, a Boeing 747-300 carrying 254 passengers and 6 crew collided dead into the Fonte Valley at the base of Nimitz Hill, Guam, just about one quarter of a mile short of the runway. The aircraft soared the top of a small hill and plummeted down a small abyss, prompting the fuselage to split open and burst into flames (Disaster Response: Principles of Preparation and Coordination, 1989). A lot of the passengers and crew on the plane either died immediately on impact or were burned alive in the subsequent fire. All through the early periods of the resultant rescue, 30 victims were found alive at the site of the crash, and for the first couple of hours there were more survivors than there were rescued and emergency personnel available to help. The United States Naval Hospital in Guam had gotten 20 patients, while the local civilian hospital received 12 patients. In spite of the relatively small number of fatalities, the supplies of both hospitals were rapidly topped. However, due to previous planning, preparation, and organization, morbidity and mortality were minimized with none other than the help of decontamination.
With that said, there is no absolute answer to mass casualty decontamination and no definite procedure or process can explain for all variables (danger, time, amount of victims, environmental situations, resources). These modernized Guidelines are planned to identify a fundamental, constant mass decontamination process that could be applied with reasonable effectiveness to any incident. In other words, to use the fastest method that will cause the least cost and make the most good for the bulk of the people. An ordered, well-planned way to any mass casualty disaster is critical. This is because terrorist happenings are characteristically more complicated and make the emotional components of anger and fear to an already unpleasant condition. Therefore, management and planning handle even a bigger authority for mass casualty emergencies following terrorist situation. Regrettably or fortunately depending on specific viewpoints or viewpoint, exceedingly few physicians have had any practical involvement with mass fatality emergencies. The fact is, until lately, outside of the military medical community, disaster medicine has gotten remarkably little regard, both in the medical literature and in graduate medical education. In truth,...
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