" (Hudson, et al., 2003; p.1)
Hudson et al. (2003) states additionally that: "Variation of hatching time was not influenced by hen age, but mean incubation time decreased from 29 to 53 wk of age and subsequently increased from 53 to 65 wk. Seasonal temperature changes may have caused confounding effects on incubation time. Chick heart glycogen declined as hens aged, and liver lactate was lowest in progeny from 65 wk-old hens. Relative yolk sac weight and relative heart weight were lowest in progeny from 29 wk-old hens. These data indicate that underdevelopment of supply organs may limit the performance of chicks from young hens. Supplemental zinc source in breeder hen diets did not influence chick physiology at hatching." (p.1)
The work of Ao, et al. entitled: "Evaluation of Bioplex Zn as an Organic Zinc Source for Chicks" published in the International Journal of Poultry Science states that a study to evaluate Bioplex Zn, which is a chelated Zn proteninate, was conducted in order to make an evaluation if Bioplex Zn was a viable organic zinc source for broiler chicks. Ao et al. state: "Zinc has been known to be an essential nutrient for normal growth and feathering of chicks for half a century. Purified or semi-purified diet was traditionally used as a basal diet in trace mineral requirement studies. The data from these trials do not reflect the real requirement due to lack of soluble fiber and phytate in basal diet that have negative influence to the bioavailability of trace minerals. On the other hand, organic mineral sources have been used increasingly in recent years due to their higher bioavailability and lower manure loading. In general, inconsistency exists among research results regarding bioavailability of organic Zn sources." (2006; p. 808) Findings of this study state indications that "the relative bioavailability value of Bioplex Zn is 183% that of zinc sulfate based on the weight gain data, and 157% of that of zinc sulfate based on the total tibia Zn content.
V. INFORMATION on PURCHASING ZINC SUPPLEMENTED POULTRY FEED
The Alabama CO-OP Service lists the poultry feeds containing zinc to include three types of feeds produced by the U.S. Agricultural Administration which are: (1) 18% Coop Laying Pellets Item Number 270960 which contains Zinc Sulfate (alafarm.com, 2007); (2) 15% CO-OP Egg Ration Pellets Item Number 270200 which contains Zinc Oxide (alafarm.com, 2007); and (3)...
International Regulation of Tourism in Antarctica Since the mid-1980s, Antarctica has been an increasingly popular tourist destination, despite the relative danger of visiting the largest, least explored -- and arguably least understood -- continent on earth. Beginning with the 1959 treaty establishing Antarctica as an international zone free of claims of sovereignty by nation's that had been instrumental in establishing research stations there, there has been almost constant negotiation about how
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