Social Welfare -- Its Origins and Contributions
When did social welfare begin as a policy to help those who were struggling to find enough food, or suffering from a blight -- or otherwise in need of a lift from government? Why was social welfare initially launched -- and what groups or individuals were pivotal and ultimately influential as regards the social welfare movement? These questions will be addressed and critiqued in this paper utilizing the available scholarly literature.
When Social Welfare Began
Four hundred and eighty seven years ago in a section of Great Britain known as the East Anglian region, farmers were subjected to terrible crop failures -- due to pounding, unending rains -- and these conditions resulted in famine, according to a peer-reviewed article in Accounting History Review (Bisman, 2012). In response to this crisis in 1527, the British Crown appointed "commissioners" to conduct surveys of certain population groups within the famine area; the search included carefully inspecting any building or area where storage is done in order to verify that a serious lack of grain was indeed a reality (Bisman, 105). Known as "corn surveys," this research resulted in the commissioners giving out "corn certificates," which the local population that was most impacted received in order to be given surplus corn to keep people from starving (Bisman, 105). Because four hundred and eighty seven years have passed since that first known act of social welfare, there are not many records to account for the grain that was distributed to the needy; however one record, "Certificate of Sold and Unsold Corn," reflects the population and inventories of grain that were on hand -- as well as a thorough accounting of the "calculations of grain surpluses and deficits," which also illustrated a form of accounting that in fact is still used today (Bisman, 105-06).
Bisman makes a strong argument that by studying the documents from 1527, not only can researchers get a handle on how accounting practices emerged and evolved those many years ago, but a thorough...
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