The history of criminology can be traced back to the 19th Century when theories regarding the origin of criminal behavior and traits were developed by Cesare Lombroso. On the contrary, victimology is a recent scientific discipline that started in Europe after the Second World War as a means of understanding the link between criminals and victims (Lee, n.d.).
Focus Points:
One of the major differences between victimology and criminology is their divergent focus points and scope of analysis. Criminology emphasizes on studying the criminal, the offenses, and the intentions behind the criminal activity. This discipline also studies how the public and criminal justice systems react to the criminal, rate of recidivism, and punishment ("Criminology v Victimology," 2008). Criminology is regarded as a retributive model of criminal justice since its main objective is to prevent crime and punish the criminal. On the contrary, victimology normally focuses on victim instead of the criminal with the aim of restoring the victim to the condition he/she was before victimization. Other objectives of victimology are to lessen victimization rates, minimize unnecessary expenses and suffering, and heal the community/victim relationship.
The main focus of criminologists is to determine why certain individuals are involved in breaking the law while others do not. These professionals determine these aspects through analysis of the criminals' backgrounds and intentions to identify the actual reasons for their misbehavior. On the other hand, victimologists determine why some people, entities like banks, and households become the target of criminals while others are not. They seek to discover the sources of vulnerability of these sections to criminal attacks and the root causes for some victims to either act and behave carelessly or prompt others to attack/harm them. While criminals are help personally accountable for their offenses, criminologists analyze the possibility of political, social, and economic conditions to instigate criminal activity. Victimologists explore personality traits, cultural imperatives, and socialization agents that compel individuals to risk their lives. This is despite of the fact that certain victims may be responsible for outbreak of certain criminal incidents.
Findings:
As a result of their divergent focus, victimologists and criminologists normally arrive at different conclusions and findings. Criminologists recognize that many people occasionally...
Victimology is the branch of criminology dealing with victim characteristics, victim data, and patterns of victimization. The study of victimology is useful to criminologists for a variety of reasons. Victimology can help show which populations are at greater risk for which crimes, thereby allowing more effective public policies and anti-crime initiatives. Likewise, knowing which populations are at greater risk for which crimes can help law enforcement prevent crimes. Victimology can
" (Sherman and Strang, 2007) Findings include that restorative justice: (1) substantially reduced repeat offending for some offenders but not all; (2) Doubled (or more) the offense brought to justice as diversions from criminal justice; (3) reduced crime victims' post-traumatic stress symptoms and related costs; (4)provided both victims and offenders with more satisfaction with justice than criminal justice; (5) reduced desires of victim for violent revenge on offenders; (6) reduced
Victimology Annotated Bibliography Campbell, K.W. (2010). Victim Confidentiality Promotes Safety and Dignity. Journal of the Missouri Bar, 69(2), pp. 76-83. Being the president of the Missouri Victim Assistance Network (MOVA), Campbell, the author of this particular article, is an authority on the topic at hand. In the past, she has actively been involved in various aspects of victim assistance, including, but not limited to, presenting a workshops touching on the issue of victims
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Criminal Psychology Forensic Psychologist Analyzing the role of the forensic psychologist in criminal investigation and prosecution Analyzing the role of the forensic psychologist in criminal investigation and prosecution It should be noted that psychology has not had a clearly defined space in the judicial field. On the one hand, while the law demands tangible and verifiable data, psychology, answers from knowledge conjectural. Oracle named as legatees, seduces us with a place on condition that
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