Finally, internal consistency reliability looks at items in the same test, to see if they measure the same construct in the same way (Cherry, 2011, Reliability). However, all of these measures of reliability are useless if a test does not measure what it purports to measure. Validity looks at whether a test measures what it claims to measure. Only valid tests can be used to be accurately applied or interpreted (Cherry, 2011, Validity). There are three different types of validity: content validity, criterion-related validity, and construct validity. Content validity means that "the items on the test represent the entire range of possible items the test should cover" (Cherry, 2011, Validity). Criterion-related validity means that the test can predict criterion or indicators of a construct. Concurrent validity means that the "test scores accurately estimate an individual's current state with regards to the criterion" (Cherry, 2011, Validity). Predictive validity means that a test is helpful in determining how a person is likely to respond (Cherry, 2011, Validity). Construct validity means that...
However, in a practical setting, it is completely unimportant if a test is reliable if the test does not measure what it purports to measure. Tests are used to help determine attributes, aptitudes, and potential problems. A test that cannot do this is useless to someone working in a diagnostic setting. Moreover, the fact is that some tests are going to necessarily lack at least some types of reliability, because human beings are not static, but flexible. Therefore, while reliability is important, it is not as important as validity.
Techniques for testing reliability, on the other hand, can be achieved through the test-retest, alternative-forms, and internal consistency methods. Test-retest method administers an instrument to the same population in two different periods/occasions, and the difference between the scores of the first and second administration determines the reliability of the construct under study. Alternative-forms is similar to test-retest method; only, the flow of the instrument in the second administration is
This may occur when populations show wide variations in their responses to particular hypotheses, which are in violation of the expected response. Construct validity may be compromised when alternative correspondences are achieved between a construct and an unexpected concept found within the actual environment being studied. In other words, when the construct does not correspond with the original hypothesis, its validity would be compromised. In cloud computing and determining inside threats,
Adult Learning Assessment Adult learners comprise one of the fastest-growing segments of students today, and adult learners typically have needs that differentiate them from the younger learner. There is already much scholarship devoted to how the adult student learns new information. This understanding of the different learning styles has been taken into consideration in the design of courses and curricula for adult learners. However, teaching tools are only part of the equation.
Validity When conducting a research study, the researcher needs to pay particular attention to the reliability and validity of his or her research instruments. These concepts form the basis of the academic acceptability and even excellence in a study. Hence, any researcher should be concerned with maximizing especially the validity of his or her work. In addition to internal consistency, various forms of validity can be identified, including face validity, content
Reliability & Validity For the lay person, the notion of personality is often derived from components of an individual's character or make up that has the ability to elicit positive or negative reactions from other individuals. The person who has a propensity for positive reactions from others is often thought to have a 'good' personality. Conversely, the person who tends to elicit not so favorable reactions from others may be thought
Reliability and Validity Trochim (2007) examines validity and reliability in the context of arriving at measures for constructs that firstly measure what they purport to measure. Secondly, the measures do what they purport to do in a consistent manner so that the researcher can have confidence in the measurement and hence the research project is not compromised. The elements of validity and reliability are pivotal concerns to research. Research thrives in
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