Environmental Science
Environmental Accounting DQ
Activity-based costing refers to costing methodologies identifying activities within organizations and assigning relevant costs to each activity against resources. The advisories are presented to all services and products based on the actual consumption of the items. The model assigns exclusive overhead costs to various direct costs in comparison with conventional costing. The ABC plan allows companies to have a sound estimate of cost elements for different products, services, and activities. The element helps in informing the company's decision for purposes of identifying and eliminating the services and products that are unprofitable while lowering prices for the overpriced service and product portfolio.
Question
The application of random percentages in allocation of costs allows ABC to identify the cause and effect elements in objectively assigning costs. With the sequence of activities identified, the extensive costs for activities are attributed to various products to the scope in which the product engages the activities. In such kind, ABC identifies sectors of high overhead costs for each unit while directing attention to developing ways of reducing costs and charging more for costly products. In the recent past, lean accounting methods have been implemented with the aim of providing relevant based on control, accounting, and measurement systems for the complex and costly ABC methods.
Question 3
In the initial step, the ABC Process identifies the activities involved in all production processes. This is followed by classification of activities based on the cost hierarchies such as batch-level, unit-level, facility level, and product level. It is important to identify and accumulate total costs for each activity. The other step involves identifying most appropriate drivers of cost to each activity while calculating total units in cost management and relevance to the activities.
Question 4
Benchmarking refers to processes of relating one's performance metrics and processes to best practices or peer bests within similar attritions. The dimensions are typical in measurement and have higher quality, time, and reduced costs. The best practice process permits benchmarking to inform management through identification of best industry firms and other industry processes existing within the processes and results studied. The "targets" allows project managers to improve their results and processes. The focus includes learning the best ways of targeting performance and improving on business processes that explain the success of the firms. Benchmarking can be used in measuring performance through specific indicators such as cost per unit, productivity per unit or cycle time for any number of units.
Question 5
ABC Process involves the identification of activity attributes against the assessment of costs based on the qualitative attribute dimensions. The dual cases are identified through attributes such as business process, primary and support activities, and value status. Value status for activities can be obtained based on interviews. For such cases, the non-value-added and value activities can be easily identified. The cases costs are also broken down into support and primary activities for purposes of helping in assigning of costs. The activity costs can be identified within immediate business processes. The focus of the cases is expected to lower the costs linked to the processes. The cases have high success rates especially when they fit well to the business processes.
Question 6
The environmental accounting systems in are used in generating environmental cost data and hence haves many advantages. General Ledgers are reliable systems in managing accounting staff through well-trained application. The costs data within General Ledgers are availed through monthly reports, and analyzes are fairly up-to-date. The capital projects have much ease in monitoring the well-defined paper trails associating with them with smaller charges of credit card.
Question 7
The first step in the TCA Methodology is adding 1/10 volume for 100% TCA in a sample and mixing well. This is followed by placing on ice ( -- 20 degrees) for an hour. The centrifuge can run at 13,000 rpm for five minutes in length spins depending on the sample volumes. The third step involves the removal of supernatant materials while saving on ice. It is prudent to rinse pellets with acid acetone are ice-cold levels. The centrifuge runs at 13,000 rpm for five minutes where lengths of the spins are dependent on the sample volumes. This is followed by the removal of supernatant materials. The pellet is air dries while re-suspending it in buffers of choice.
Question 8
Over the years, as regions and countries across the world are developing slowly and becoming advent to economic growth and industrialization coming together with environmental degradation. The focus of eco-Efficiency is proposed to extensive tools promoting transformation across unsustainable development above sustainable development. The focus is based on the creation of more services and goods using fewer resources while generating lesser waste and pollution. The measures are based on ratios between the production benefits like GDP against the added environmental impacts arising from the service or product processes like emissions.
Question 9
The first TCA Methodology objective is to identify industries having similar processes. For example, if a firm has interests in the improvement of hand-offs against
If the company does not take this step, to improve its product line and offer a better future option the company is likely to lose significantly more than the internal offset erosion of the existing brands. In fact the cash-flow question would only be an issue if another company were about to produce a product that would erode current sales of traditional products. Without the development of new products
New capacity would have to be bought or built when capacity runs out or production would have to be cut back on one of the product lines, leading to a loss in cash flows that would have been generated by the lost sales runs. Thus, Blast would result in incremental cash flows for facilities and these should be included in cash outflow calculations. However, the case states that Blast will
Earning Growth Model This third method considers primarily the increase in organizational earnings and the decision to purchase a stock is pegged to increases in organizational incomes. Valuation through this method is generally less challenging than the previous two models and often extremely practical. It commences with the estimations of future earnings, based on relevant and viable information about the expected trend in the future of the assessed company -- the growth
The balance sheet presents the three elements of financial position namely, assets, liabilities and equity. The balance sheet highlights the accounting equation which provides: Assets = Liabilities + Equity. In a balance sheet presentation, assets and liabilities are further classified into current and non-current to distinguish those used directly for operations as to those for long-term usage. An income statement is a formal statement prepared for a given period
Accounting Theory Over the year, the world scholars continue to evaluate the economics of the world to understand their functioning. In this course, they developed the subject of accounting to assess the frameworks of financial principles. The accounting theory in discussion involves reviewing the historical foundations of financial reporting and creating new models of reporting the financial developments and exchanges (Richards, 2009, p. 17). Accounting theory evolves continually; thus, there are
These are considered to be unrealized gains, but for hold-to-maturity securities these gains/losses are not expected to be realized at any point. The company will note the fair value change in a footnote, but will not record such a change on either the income statement of balance sheet (Spiceland, et al.). If, however, it becomes necessary to sell investments previously classed as hold-to-maturity, then the following adjustments are made. The
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now