Myasthenia Gravis is one of the most common autoimmune disorders, which is a group of diseases brought by the loss of tolerance to self-antigens. Since this autoimmune disorder has an annual incidence of between 2 and 4 per million, it has attracted considerable research in relation to its causes, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. Some examples of research on this disorder include the study by Romi, Gilhus & Aarli (2005) on the clinical, immunological and therapeutic advances of this disease as well as the systematic review of diagnosis and management of this disorder by Angelini (2011).
Angelini (2011) states that myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder caused by an autoimmune attack by the body on its own muscle endplate (p.2). In this case, an antibody binds to AChR o subunits or Musk and contributes to muscle weakness and unusual neuromuscular transmission. Similarly, Romi, Gilhus & Aarli (2005), state that this disorder is brought by autoimmune attacks by the body on its own muscles. However, these researchers state that the disorder is characterized by unpredictable pathological weakness with remissions or exacerbations on different skeletal muscle groups. They concur with Angelini (2011) that the pathological weakness is brought by antibodies to the AChR o at the neuromuscular junction.
Myasthenia gravis is diagnosed based on the and mood disorders. However, these studies concur that the disorder is diagnosed in three different ways i.e. through pharmacological testing, serological testing, electrophysiological testing, and image testing. These different ways of diagnosing MG emanates from the differences in the disorder's subgroup and/or severity.
With regards to prognosis of myasthenia gravis, Romi, Gilhus & Aarli (2005) state that the disorder becomes generalized within 3 years in 85% of the patients (p.134). The prognosis of this disease is generally good since disorder-related crisis takes place with a yearly incidence of 2.5%. Angelini (2011) holds the same view on the premise that the prognosis of this disorder is much improved in comparison to early years when it was linked to high mortality rate and severe disability (p.11).…
Behavioural psychology in modern day has devised a number of ways to deal with serious problem areas in children with special needs and the youth. These means of treatment include rewarding admirable behaviour along with presenting corrective consequences for the undesired ones. Using skin shock as a supplementary form of encouraging positive behaviour does not meet the requirements in the torture definition of the UN Convention against Torture. Skin Shock
Tricyclic antidepressant use to mitigate chronic low back pain has been investigated by researchers as a form of treatment for decades. Some articles go as far back as 1986. The types of antidepressants tested for efficacy in treatment of chronic low back pain have been either tricyclic or tetracyclic. Systematic reviews from twelve years ago noted antidepressants treat pain via inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake (Staiger, Gaster, Sullivan, & A Deyo,
fever and palpable cervical nodes indicates an infection. Jennifer appears to have bacterial tonsillitis. However, in order to confirm, a throat culture must be taken. Although mononucleosis is uncommon in toddlers, it is a possible diagnosis and typically comes from contact in daycares (Yokoyama et al., 2013). To confirm the mononucleosis diagnosis, serology is needed. While the clinical manifestation points to possible mononucleosis diagnosis, younger children do not have
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Case Conceptualization on SchizophreniaIntroductionIn the field of mental health, understanding a client\\\'s cultural context is as essential as diagnosing their conditions. This case conceptualization focuses on Maria, a Hispanic woman in her late 40s diagnosed with schizophrenia. A single mother of two, Maria juggles her role as a caregiver with her job as a housekeeper while dealing with the debilitating symptoms of her mental health condition. Her story provides critical
Treatment vs. Punishment Treatment Concept Juvenile crime is often serious because of the ability to represent a significant proportion in relation to the total criminal activity within the community. The normal assumption indicates that adolescents deserve and require special handling during the formative period. Criminal behavior during this stage of life might not continue into adulthood thus the need for integration of special handling by the relevant justice systems within the case
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