Toyota Transportation
Toyota Beginning and Emergence
The Market for the Company
The Major Partners and Suppliers
Toyota Supply Chain
Dedicated Transport Service
The Green Supply Chain
Transportation Planning
Freight Flow of Toyota
Speed
Reliability
The Transport Improvement Plan
Dedicated Transport Service
Route Mapping
Environmental Concerns
Integration of services
Packaging
Division of Duties at the Plant Level for Better Accountability
Mapping logistics flows
The Future of the Transport Improvement Plan
Production by region
Sales by region
Toyota is the biggest single producer and the second biggest producer of cars in the world, after General Motors.
The Toyota Motor Corporation was founded in 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. It is headquartered in Toyota city in Japan with regional offices and factories all around the globe. The company primarily manufactures automobiles but also has business interests in robotics, financial services and biotechnology. It employs a huge number of people and is among the top two car manufacturers in the world (http://www.toyota-global.com, 2012).
In April 1935 Toyoda created the first prototype of an engine named, type A. Soon after, the A1 automobile was created. On April 1936 mass production of the A1 and a truck G1, based on A1 began. Thereby, Toyota Motor Corporation Ltd., was established on August 28, 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. The letter "d" in the name Toyoda was replaced by the letter "t" for softer sounding, and easier pronunciation.
Toyota's cumulative worldwide motor vehicle production with the production of G1 truck in 1935 to 2011 is approximately 195.7 million vehicles (http://www.toyota-industries.com, 2015). Based on the principles of contributing to society through automobile manufacturing and manufacturing products where demand exists, Toyota has conducted production in 27 countries and regions.
In this study we would examine and prepare a transport improvement plan for the company.
Toyota Beginning and Emergence
After the end of the Second World War, by October 1947, TMC managed to do its first post-war export. It supplied BM trucks to Okinawa, and SA cars to Egypt. To celebrate its one millionth exported car, the Nipondenso Co. Ltd., was established on December 16, 1947, and by 1979 they exported their tenth millionth car. "Toyotism" or the system production created by Toyota is said to be the best and most efficient among the world of automobile production. This is because of the strict quality control, close relations with local communities, selection and training of labor force, clear and liberal relationship between workers, mid and high managerial levels, and minimized hierarchy in the company (Chambers, 2008). This mixture created the perfect base for the evolution of Toyota as a company and its products.Toyota's strict policy of using the most advanced and modern technology in the production of their cars, made the company, as the undisputed leader in the field of technological advance. Toyota's management philosophy has evolved from the company's origins and has been reflected in the terms "Learn Manufacturing" and Just in Time Production. Toyota goes under two headings- Respect for People and Continuous Improvement (Liker, 2004).
Japan's automakers could not count on government protection in the form of high duties or other barriers as they had before the war because American and European auto manufacturers were overwhelming the Japanese market with their economic and technical superiority. Kiichiro Toyoda in the postwar situation compared Japan to England. He had said that the British motorcar industry also faced many difficulties, but its fate would be largely determined by how strongly American automakers felt they should concentrate on small cars. Since American manufacturers were concentrating their efforts on medium-sized and larger cars (Magee, 2007), Toyota's engineersin 1947 completed their first prototype of a small car.
Since, Japanese economy was suffering a severe depression, the Toyota dealers were unable to sell cars in sufficient quantities and thereby they had to pay Toyota in long-term promissory notes as inventories kept accumulating. Toyota was compelled to reduce both production and overhead as it kept falling further into debt, almost to the verge of bankruptcy. Production dropped from 992 vehicles in March 1949 to 304 in May. Voluntary resignation was asked to Toyota employees. President Kiichiro Toyoda himself resigned as well.
Toyota executives visited United States in 1950 to seek new ideas for Toyota's anticipated growth. They brought in the idea of investing only on the most modern production facilities as the keys to advance in productivity and quality. The company soon began to benefit from the increased efficiency. In 1951 (Rubenstein, n.d.), Toyota introduced the first four-wheel-drive Land Cruiser. In 1953, the demand for taxis rapidly increased the production of passenger cars rose from 50 units per month to 250 units per month.
The 'Kanban' system (DALLERY & LIBEROPOULOS, 2000) was adopted in 1954 where 'consumers' took parts from stock shelves, and the 'storekeepers' replenished stock to the degree that it was depleted. This...
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