The following chart illustrates the orientation and where the dog's social, sexual and micturition behaviors should be oriented.
Orientation
Source: Tieken (1999)
The appropriate socialization of the dog is also important. Guidelines for socialization of the dog is shown for the age appropriate socialization in the following table.
Age/Appropriate Socialization
AGE
APPROPRIATE SOCIALIZATION
0-5 weeks
Dog needs nurturing from the dam and to be protected from environmental extremes.
3-5 weeks
Some human contact is advisable
5-8 weeks
Continue nurturing, but allow some mild stress such as cold or short-term social isolation. Also increase human contact with some interaction. Studies have revealed that pups that experience mild stress grow up to handle stress better than littermates who were protected from all stress.
8-10 weeks
This is a fear imprinting period. Avoid negative forceful reinforcements; minimize all stress; be careful to avoid threatening situations (e.g., close proximity to large strange dogs, manwork, or courage testing). Continue to socialize the dog.
10-24 weeks
Avoid negative forceful reinforcements Avoid close proximity to manwork, but allow the pup to observe at a safe distance. Graduate his exposure as his confidence grows. Avoid anything that cowers him until the dog is ready. Demonstrate to the dog that you are confident and allow him the freedom to investigate on his own.
24+ weeks
Avoid anything that cowers him until he is ready. Show him your confidence. Remember you are working with a child.
Source: Tieken (1999)
III. EFFECTIVENESS of the K-9 UNIT
The work entitled: "Establishing a New K9 Unit for a Small Department" published by the North Americans Police Work Dog Association (N.A.P.W.D.A.) states in terms of effectiveness "Patrolling in a well marked K9 vehicle clearly states the intent of the police department to combat crime and to use extremely effective 'tools' to accomplish this." (N.A.P.W.D.A., 2008) the deterrent effect is stated as "amazing." (2008)...
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