¶ … Thalidomide
Although the United States succeeded in averting the same thalidomide tragedy that occurred in Europe by refusing to approve the drug, some observers counter that the action introduced unnecessary delays in the approval of many useful drugs. Given that thalidomide is now accepted as an effective treatment for leprosy, this paper provides an evaluation concerning whether Dr. Frances Kelsey was correct in stopping the development of thalidomide in the United States in 1960, followed by a summary of the research and important findings in the conclusion.
In 1961, two doctors working independently in Australia and Germany determined that thalidomide, a sedative and n anti-nausea drug that was being prescribed for pregnant women, was responsible for a wave of birth defects (Carpenter, 2010). Based on their analysis of the available data concerning thalidomide, the two physicians, Drs. McBridge and Lenz, determined that thalidomide caused birth defects when taken during the first trimester of pregnancy (Carpenter, 2010). In this regard, Carpenter reports that, "Tragically, thousands of pregnant women had taken thalidomide during this window of pregnancy because of its utility as an anti-nausea drug" (2010, p. 240). Besides the dozens of high-profile physical deformities caused by thalidomide, there...
FDA: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) And Over-the-counter Weight Loss Medications Obesity is one of the most serious epidemics facing the American public. "Over two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese" (Overweight and obesity statistics, 2012, WIN). To address concerns about obesity, many adults turn to over-the-counter medications like dietary supplements that promise the user easy weight loss. The medications usually
Given that there is no expectation of substantial equivalence, the following process will need to be undertaken. The 510(K) that needs to be submitted is the Traditional. A Special is for modifications to products that already have 510(k) approval, so that does not apply in this case. An Abbreviated 510(K) applies when a product is approved for this process by the FDA. There is little explanation on the FDA website
Phase II consists of efficacy trials of the drug, which are tested on volunteers of the target population. When everything goes right, the drug manufacturer discusses the development process, continued human testing, other concerns and protocols for phase III with the FDA. Phase III is the more extensive. It is at this time that the manufacture can work for the accelerated development and review of the drug. Treatment IND
Gene Therapy FDA Ethics can be considered to come from personal values. From both a medical and a business perspective, ethics are the reasons that some news stories should be followed from beginning to end and all in between. "On Sunday morning, 23 February 1997, the world awoke to a technological advance that shook the foundations of biology and philosophy. On that day, we were introduced to Dolly, a 6-month-old lamb that
Divisions of the FDA The FDA is in charge of the regulation of pharmaceutical drugs and medical devices, as part of its mandate to safeguard the U.S. health care system. One unit for this is the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), which approves medical devices. The unit that approves drugs is the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). There is also the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
Administrative Law REGULATING STEM CELL THERAPY Administrative Agency: Food and Drug Administration Article 1 Section 1 of the federal Constitution creates administrative agencies, which are law-making entities but with limited powers (USLegal, 2014). The rules and regulations created by an administrative agency are lawfully enforceable. It assists in the faster management of cases and is, therefore, a big help to U.S. courts. The administrative process is also a valuable resource for other important
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