Group Spending Comparison Between British,

Group Spending Comparison Between British, German, French, And Italian Consumers

From the results, we conclude that the Germans, French, and Italians outspend the British in groups, but that the variance is higher amongst Germans. This is shown by the higher upper limit amongst Germans as compared to others. Germans have the highest standard deviation and standard error, which shows that there is more variance than amongst other nationalities. Since the means fall near the median, we can say that our sample of mean are true.

Task 1(b) - Individual Spending

British

German

French

Italian

Mean

Sample Standard Deviation

Standard Error

Estimate of Mean

Upper Limit

Lower Limit

Comments: The French and Italians have the highest mean, while the British and the Germans are close together in with a lower spending per person. The variances, however, between the British and the Germans are much higher for the Germans, indicating that there may be a subset of higher spenders. The same is true for the French, which could mean a skew on the higher or lower spending range. This difference between Germans and Brits is supported by the higher limit number for Germans. The French and Italians seem to uniformly spend more, as evidenced by their mid-sized SD and relatively high lower limit and relatively low upper limit. The sample data from the Germans is higher, as shown by the higher standard deviation.

Task 1- - Difference in Means of Group Spending

Group Spending

British

German

French

Italian

Mean

Sample SD

Comments: as we can analyse from the given results that value of z-score lies within the +/- standard deviation for all the values, which means that the null hypothesis level is accepted for the pair which lie in the 95% of confidence limit.

Task 1(d) - Difference in Means of Individual Spending

Group Spending

British

German

French

Italian

Sample SD

Standard Error

British

German

French

Italiian

British

Germans

French

Italian

Z-Test

British

German

French

Italiian

British

Germans

French

Italian

Comments: The above results demonstrate that the Z-score values are above SD for all but FI, BI, BF and BG. For these, the null hypothesis is not proven, for all others the null hypothesis is accepted at a 95% confidence limit.

Task 1(e) - Regression

Comments: Above result of regression shows that if none of the nationality go to the holiday so the expenditure for the respective family will be 515.80,550.69,545.70 and 617.42 for respective nationalities as given in the table. And if they go to the holiday so the expenditure to a large extend will be influenced by the slope of the regression equation.

Task 1(f) - Correlation

Comments: As R-square coefficient shows that,71%, 71%, 66% and 67% of the variation may be predicted by change in actual family size, for respective nationalities and the rest of the percentage i.e,29%, 29%, 34% and 33% are unpredicted. The value of the T-statistics of intercept and slope, indicates that they cannot be zero, and for the each nationality the regression equation can be used for the prediction.

Task 1(g) - Estimate for the spending of a family of five

British

German

French

Italian

Estimate

Comments: The results indicate that if no one goes on holiday the highest family expenditure is for the Italians. If someone goes on holiday, the highest expenditure is bound to be the Italians, because their slope is higher than other nationalities.

Task 1(h) - Difference of opinions within nationalities

Comments: For all nationalities Italians the chi-square value lies under the 5% degree of freedom, therefore there exists a relationship in the opinion of the nationalities. But the value of chi-square is not in the degree of freedom limit, so there is exists no relationship in opinions with the nationality.

Task 1(i) - Difference of opinions between nationalities

Comments: As we can see from the results that value for chi-square for all nationalities are more than the 5% level of, so it could be concluded that there is a relationship in opinion between the nationalities.

Discussion of the Results

Mr. Spyridos can count on French and Italians to spend more money than the Germans, and all three to spend more money than the Brits. There is a great deal of difference between German groups, which suggests that there may be some high-Euro spenders who should be appealed to in a separate marketing campaign.

The French appear to have the least variability in spending as a group, while the Italians and the Brits seem to have the highest variability. This may suggest that the French are more amenable to package tours with 'all-inclusive' or more easily-predicted pricing, a la Club Med. At the same time, the Brits and Italians may be willing to spend more once they arrive. The Brits may be lured in by promises of low initial pricing, with a propensity to spend more once they arrive. Italians are willing to spend more, and a substantial portion a good deal more than the average Brit.

The figures for average spending do not indicate the whole picture. It is clear that an Italian family will, on average, spend more than families from the other three countries polled. The signicicant variation in Italian and French families, however (in view of their lower R2), indicates that there is more variability amongst those nationalities.

Different nationalities weighted their satisfaction on accommodation, location and food in different ways. In general, location, then food, were the most important factors in choosing Erewhon as a destination, with accommodation being much less important. There were significant differences between nationalities, however. Amongst the Brits, the degree of satisfaction with food was much more important than that with location and accommodation. This may indicate that the food was to British tastes, or that Brits are less critical of food than other nationalities. The Italians, on the other hand, found food and accommodation significantly better than location, as compared to the Brits. The French focused their top marks on accommodation and location, giving much lower ratings to food. This may suggest that the French are more critical of food than the other two nationalities, or that the food was much less suited to French tastes than other countries. The Germans focused their praise almost entirely on location, with relatively lower marks for food and accommodation. There was a higher variability amongst German tourists than with other nations, however, which may be explained by their higher level of variability in spending.