¶ … Sports Nutrition" by Pramukova, Szabadosova & Soltesova (2011) include an abstract, introduction, a research summary including sub-sections on sports nutrition topics, a conclusion, and a list of references.
Although not an experimental research, this thorough review of literature includes a hypothesis. The hypothesis is that "Designing the most suitable diet for an athlete requires an intimate knowledge of the relevant scientific literature, the training and competitive demands of the sport, the social situation and the individual athlete's preferences." Moreover, the authors suggest that a summary of the abundance of scientific literature on the subject can help illuminate key areas in sports nutrition (Pramukova, 2011, p. 107).
The hypotheses were not tested using an experimental research design. However, the authors "provide an overview of the current macronutrient requirements for athletes and provide some recommendations for dietary supplements intake," (Pramukova, 2011, p. 107).
4. The data was not analyzed using any statistical methods. However, the authors have condensed reams of scientific literature into one report. The effort requires extensive analysis.
5. The authors conclude that, "Maintaining an energy balance and a nutrient dense diet, undertaking prudent training, appropriately timing nutrient intake, and obtaining adequate rest are the cornerstones to enhancing performance and/or training adaptations," (Pramukova, 2011, p. 109). Some sports nutritional supplements have also been proven effective in the literature. Some of those supplments increase energy availability and others aid in recovery.
6. The original hypotheses were broad and therefore easily proven by performing a review of literature. Scientific data on sports nutrition is a complex subject area, and a summary of information highlights major findings.
7. Pramukova, B., Szabadosova, V. & Soltesova, A. (2011). Current knowledge about sports nutrition. Australasian Medical Journal 4(3): 107-110.
8. The authors reference their sources heavily throughout each section of the research analysis, using footnotes that correspond to the references section at the end of the report.
9. There are no tables, charts, figures, or any other visual aids used in the current article.
10. There are no tables used, and therefore no legends.
11. No direct quotations are used in the article. The research consists of skillful summaries and paraphrasing.
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