With the decline of the Church, other religious movements emerged dominant among Renaissance thinkers and followers, which included the movement of Protestantism, and later on, Reformation. Under the Protestantism movement, reformed Catholic churches established their own assembly, disassociating from the Catholic Church to form their own religious organization. Protestantism, in fact, preceded the Protestant Reformation, which culminated the Renaissance movement in the 16th century. Under the Protestant Reformation, socio-economic changes were put into place, which involved primarily the transfer of power from the Church to the civil society/citizenry. The Reformation gave birth to a more democratic, independent society, wherein people or the citizens are given more voice in decision-making concerning civil society. Primarily, decentralization of social, economic and political power took place because of the Reformation. Scientific development became one of the most important areas that developed from the Renaissance. Apart from promoting humanism and intellectual thought, expressed through artworks, Renaissance also gave importance to the pursuit of truth and knowledge through secular or non-religious means. Scientific inquiry became popular, not as a means to challenge the Catholic Church, but to pursue alternative 'routes' towards...

Hence, intellectuals and thinkers of the movement propagated the idea of scientific inquiry as the key towards intellectual development, led by scientists such as Copernicus, Galileo, and Johaness Kepler.
This development in science and arts during the Renaissance movement gave birth to the autonomous and independent culture of Baroque. The culture and arts that prevailed during the age of Baroque is considered distinct from other cultures; in fact, it is considered a culture of its own, deriving some parts of this culture from the Renaissance movement. The most evident characteristic of a link between the Renaissance and the Baroque age was the attention to simplicity and detail that artworks and even cultural developments that artists and scientists centered on during this period. The age of Baroque is marked by simplicity in style and development of art, which is a characteristic reminiscent of the Renaissance artists' style of depicting natural scenes and episodes in their artworks. Attention to detail is echoed from the Renaissance to the age of Baroque through the intricate detail of Baroque artworks, reflecting the rigorous attempts of scientists and artists to establish scientific methods, not only in artworks but most importantly, in scientific inquiry and knowledge seeking activities as well.