Isaac Backus Role in Shaping of the Southern Baptist Religion in the Early American Colonies
Only a few Baptists were present in colonial America but their number was highest in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island because of the freedoms in those places. Baptists were greatly despised in nearly all regions but mainly in New England. Luckily for the Baptists present in America, they actually gained more from the Great Awakening compared to other denominations. Isaac Backus[footnoteRef:1], a young New Light Congregationalist minister, was among their very first converts from New England Congregationalism back in 1751. Over the eighteenth century, Baptists started to grow and thrive among the rich religious maltreatment and harassment which was still evident in the majority of the colonies- particularly Massachusetts. Through speeches, tracts, petitions, and protests, Isaac Backus (1724-1806) headed the quest of religious freedom during the chaotic era of the American Revolution.[footnoteRef:2] [1: Michael Williams. "Brief Basics for Texas Baptists." (2003. Accessed October 4, 2016),3] [2: Derek Davis "Baptists and the American Tradition of Religious liberty." PERSPECTIVES IN RELIGIOUS STUDIES 33, no. 1 (2006): 5]
Backus succeeded in the facilitation of the use of a particular organization for the provision of a cooperative approach in the struggle for religious freedom. A Massachusetts Baptist advocacy group, the Warren Association, called Backus in 1772 to be the head of its grievance committee in order to readdress injustices committed against Baptists present in New England. This committee's task was to collect and present well-proven cases of religious maltreatment to legislators and courts in an attempt to seek assistance. Additionally, Backus acted as their spokesperson before the Continental Congress that took place in Philadelphia in 1774.[footnoteRef:3] [3: Derek Davis, Religion and the Continental Congress, 1774-1789: Contributions to Original Intent (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 125-28.]
Provoked by the constant persecution of Baptists situated in New England, Isaac Backus was right at the forefront of the movement to found the Warren Association in New England to assist the local Baptist churches. He later led in the creation of a Grievance Committee which was accountable for promoting religious liberty and separation of state and church, at the start in New England and consequently all through the other colonies. By simply building upon the increasing sentiments that favored independence and freedom from
]
The Great Awakening in New England produced a New Light Calvinist movement; a response against the supposed Luke warmness and corruption of the founded Old Light churches. Approximately half of the resultant separate churches would within some years implement the baptism of believers through immersion, and by the 1760s a rejuvenated Baptist movement, recommitted to Calvinism, was strongly founded in the Puritan colonies. Separatists were not acknowledged as a new denomination by magistrates who still continued to levy taxes on them. As a result, during this consequent phase of the Baptists' fight, a fresh breed of leaders particularly Isaac Backus surfaced to fight for the exemption of taxes and also to start an institution building program. Despite that, the authorities still continued to impose taxes on Separate Baptists, disrespect their property, and even jail them.[footnoteRef:5] [5: Richard Carwardine. "Baptists and the Shaping of America." (Accessed October 4, 2016. http://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/bq/35-4_158.pdf) 160-161]
Backus resorted to turn to great civil disobedience back in 1773 as a scheme, aiming to fill the prisons with Baptists who would appeal to a superior law in their denial to comply with the tax laws. In reality, that campaign was surpassed by the greater fight for American political independence. The Revolution assumed a millennial significance for the Baptists: Natural rights, property protection provided the setting for the reception, social contract, distribution, and the expansion of the Grace of God.[footnoteRef:6] [6: Richard, 161]
Backus' struggle for religious freedom was mainly conducted with his pen. He is known by a lot as the historian of the early New England Baptists. Backus was convinced that the production of a written history would actually be useful to his main purpose in life; advocating for freedom of conscience for the Baptists. Via careful…
Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 2012 was introduced by Senator Marco Rubio for the purpose of repealing the recent mandate that infringes religious freedom and conscience rights of religious organizations by the recent mandate within President Obama's healthcare law. The bill was developed in order to revoke the provisions in the new health care law that compels religious of faith-based institutions to provide employees with insurance coverage for contraception without
This modification of the Civil Rights Act failed to define what was meant by "financially detrimental." This issue was left for the courts to decide and there was wide variability in case law. In 1977, Title VII was modified to include widespread employer exemption, even in cases where the cost was minimal or caused little difficult to the employer (Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance, n.d.). This modification shifted the balance
Obviously, while the statutes prohibit religious discrimination, the courts will not simply rubber-stamp an employee's claim that something conflicts with his religious beliefs. Instead, the court will look at whether a bona fide religious practice conflicted with an employment requirement, whether the employee brought the religious practice to the employer's attention, and whether the religious practice was the basis of the adverse employment decision. Once that is established, the
C. One of the most interesting cultural groups in America is the Amish. The Amish have a strong cultural belief in both folk medicine and faith healing, both of which may impact the decision to access modern medical providers and might actually conflict with prescribed medical treatments. However, their traditional healing methods are very successful for minor ailments. Moreover, there is nothing in their religious or cultural practices that prohibits them
First Amendment Shutting Mosques, Trump and First Amendment The proposal by trump, at its very core, would seek to sanction a religious institution by virtue of the adherence of its members to certain religious beliefs. Indeed, this is exactly what the first amendment speaks against. The first amendment protects religious freedom and outlaws anything that would bar the free exercise of one's religion of choice. It is referred to as the
Birth Control Ethics The author of this report has been asked to consider the ethical dilemma of whether businesses and organizations should be required as a matter law to offer certain birth control options as part of the health insurance offerings given by the organization. For many publicly traded and diverse organizations, there is not really a question involved and compliance is pretty automatic. However, organizations that are privately held and/or
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now