Reliability and Validity
Trochim (2007) examines validity and reliability in the context of arriving at measures for constructs that firstly measure what they purport to measure. Secondly, the measures do what they purport to do in a consistent manner so that the researcher can have confidence in the measurement and hence the research project is not compromised. The elements of validity and reliability are pivotal concerns to research. Research thrives in a climate where these are dominant and progressive. Without effective mechanisms to achieve these objectives, the entire research process and the products of research become suspect.
The six types of validity examined by the author are separated into two different components of construct validity. Construct validity is a measure of the success of process of turning constructs into measures. This process identified by the author as operationalization requires that the measures and their underlying construct have a close affinity. The closer the affinity the more valid the measure is (Kennedy, 1984). Thus when the researcher is measuring deviance does the measures or questions used to examine deviance truly capture deviant behavior. Consequently, the author divides the six into two groups those that deal with translation validity, face validity and content validity. Those that address criterion validity, namely predictive validity, concurrent validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity follow these.
Face validity is a very subjective assessment of the operationalization of the construct. Face validity is an assessment of the accuracy of the measure based on the knowledge available to the researcher and their examination of the measure by looking at it. Face validity can be bolstered by having experts in the field examine the measure; this process however is still highly subjective. Face validity is useful for examining measures to assess juvenile delinquency, by looking at the questions used to determine delinquent behavior the validity of the measure is established....
Validity and Reliability Types of Validity According to Trochim (2007), there are six different types of construct validity. Construct validity pertains to the accurate reflection of the operationalization's construct within the conclusion. Of the six types, Trochim (2007) divides them up to translation validity -- which depends on the definition of the construct and the checks against it -- and criterion-related validity -- which applies one's theory of construct and examines the
Reliability and Validity Reliability Reliability refers to the capacity of an instrument to capture the most accurate and "truest" score of an individual. A reliable test enables us to distinguish one individual from another with confidence that errors will primarily be generated by individual differences, and to a lesser extent, to the imperfections of the instrument. Indicators that a test is reliable include test-retest reliability that is accounted for by the internal
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