moderate impairment), while dependent variables included the levels of measured performance on the test. Operationalization involved demonstrating the ability to perform the tasks of daily life. Simple cooking was tested by asking the test subject to cook oatmeal; using a telephone was tested by requiring the subject to inquire about grocery delivery on the phone; and the test subject was required to select and administer medications correctly and select and pay bills from a pile of mail.
Q5. Define reliability. Discuss the means by which the reliability of the instrument/measure was assessed in this study.
Reliability is defined as reproducibility, or the ability of a test to yield reliable or similar results with similar target population groups and under the same circumstances. "We determined interrater reliability with three trained raters who simultaneously rated 10 participants, 5 with mild stroke and 5 healthy controls. The total score and each of four subtest scores were analyzed, and ICCs were computed," and this indicated a high level of reliability between different raters of subjects' responses to the four tasks (Baum et al. 2008: 451). Subjectivity in terms of rating subject's competence thus did not vary widely between assessors.
Q6. Define validity. How was the validity of the instruments assessed in this study?
Validity is defined as the test's ability to test what it purports to assess. Validity was confirmed when "significant moderate correlations were found between the EFPT total score" and other neuropsychological measurements that assessed cognitive functioning on a more technical, biological and psychological level than the EFPT...
Healthcare Master Case Study Baum, C.M., et al. (2008). Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Utility of the Executive Function Performance Test: A Measure of Executive Function in a Sample of People With Stroke The American Journal of Occupational Therapy 62 (4); pg 446. Study rationale. The research study is designed to assess the validity and reliability of a test for executive function in post-stroke occupational therapy patients. Clinical tests of executive function may
In order to avoid that for this study, reliability of the EFPT was measured through trained raters who rated participants. How they were rated by the EFPT and by the other raters were then compared. 7.Define validity. How was validity of the instruments assessed in this study? In order to determine whether the instrument was valid, there was construct validity and criterion validity that had to be tested. Construct validity is
absence within the neurological community of executive function performance testing for various real-world activities (that include multi-tasking) on subjects who have suffered brain damage (Baum & al, 2008). By testing real-world functioning via the EFPT, the researchers, as occupational therapists, hoped to provide more accurate information on the ability of subjects to function independently in their day-to-day existence and to perform functions within society (Baum & al, 2008). This
D. Research questions. This study will be guided by the following three research questions: 1. Can high cholesterol levels be genetically related? 2. Can high cholesterol levels be anatomically induced? 3. Do high cholesterol levels always result from poor eating choices? E. Assumptions and Limitations. For the purposes of this study, it will be assumed that a chi-square analysis represents a superior methodology for the investigation of the above-stated general hypothesis. F. Definition of terms. 1.
The assumption here is that counselor burnout may be heightened as a result of the diversity of students who attend post secondary educational institutions, and the variety of services the 2-year postsecondary counselors must provide to these students. This assumption is congruent with the findings of a study by Wilkerson and Bellini (2006) who advise, "Professional school counselors are asked to perform multiple duties as part of their daily
Korotkoff Phase Should Be Used as the Endpoint for the Measurement of Diastolic Blood Pressure During Pregnancy Literature Selection and Identification Critical Appraisal of Selected Literature Five Korotkoff Phases Conducting System of Human Heart Two of the most common complicating problems seen during pregnancy are the appearance of gestational diabetes and of hypertension. Both of these conditions are more likely to occur during late pregnancy and both generally abate in the postpartum period. Nevertheless,
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