(HFPDDs) in a total of 109 children, adolescents and adults results show that 55% of these were taking psychotropic drugs and 29.3% were taking two or more of these medications simultaneously. Conclusions of the study report as follows: "Psychotropic medication use appears to be common among subjects with HFPDDs, yet not generally based on the results of empirical research. Clinical heterogeneity among treated subjects suggests that psychiatric comorbidity may be overlooked in this population." (Martin, Scahill, Klin and Volkmar, 1999) the work of Reynolds and Dombeck (2006) relates that individuals with autism spectrum disorders are often treated with psychotropic medications. These medications are stated to assist in the reduction of aggressive behaviors and repetitive movements and to have been found to lessen withdrawal on the social level in some individuals. It was reported in a study published in the Pediatrics Journal (2006) that a study conducted among 862 participants between the ages of 4 to 18 years of age and including all levels of mental retardation found that antipsychotic drugs are associated with "pervasive developmental disorder, whereas clonidine and stimulants were associated with self-absorbed and disruptive behavior, respectively. Although clonidine and risperidone are not registered for the problems reported and the other nonstimulants were only sometimes used on-label, their use was associated with specific psychiatric or behavioral problems." (De Bildt, et al., 2006) the work of Mikkelsen (nd) entitled: "The Rational Use of Psychotropic Medication for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities" states that psychiatric diagnosis is "a necessary, but not a sufficient basis to justify the use of psychotropic medication in individuals with intellectual disabilities." Psychotropic medications have historically being indiscriminately used for address...
Summary of Literature Reviewed
By educating patients on early warning signs of hepatotoxicity, this rare but potentially fatal consequence could be detected early to allow appropriate intervention." (Wright and Vandenberg, 2007) it is extremely critical to understand the nature of psychiatric nursing in today's clinical environment. IV. ROLE of NURSE PRACTITIONER in TRANSITION Specifically stated in the work of Kathryn R. Puskar entitled; "The Nurse Practitioner Role in Psychiatric Nursing" published in the Online Journal
For the delayed-treatment group, significant improvement was shown after they received self-examination therapy. From this study, the LaTorre work and the work of Dia, it is reasonable to conclude that empowerment is conducive to better outcomes in those with generalized anxiety disorder. Dia (2001) noted that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is now a respected and proven model of psychotherapy, as noted by a t ask force of the American Psychological Association.
Bipolar Disorder: Genetics, Environment and Remedies According to the American Family Physician journal, "Bipolar Disorder is an illness that causes extreme mood swings. This condition is also called manic-depressive illness" (AFP, 2000). People with Bipolar disorder often express 'extremes' in emotions where they go from the ultimate happiness and 'high' to the ultimate depression and sadness. These are often referred to as Manic and Depression episodes where "Manic episodes usually begin abruptly
Falls in Nursing Homes, Are They Preventable Preventing falls in nursing homes Falls are quite common in the homes of the elderly with around one hand a half falls for each nursing-home bed-years. Although most falls are not fatal, 10% to 20% lead to admissions in hospitals and fractures. It is, therefore, important that care providers in these homes cut down the falls and the rate of fall-related dangers. Interventions have succeeded
Depression A person with depression must have at least five of nine symptoms in the DSM-IV-TR for two weeks. There are many theories of the causes of depression: (1.) Psychoanalytic theories - internal conflicts and a low self-image leading to anger turned inward. (2.) Behavioral theories - disruptions of normal reinforcement patterns brought on by stressors. (3.) Cognitive theories - cognitive distortions and/or cognitive errors and a person's mistaken underlying assumptions. (4.) Humanistic theories -
Antidepressants and School Violence A persuasive essay, arguing link school shootings Columbine Virginia Tech, mass shootings, Aurora Theater shootings, Gabriel Giffords shooting, gunman/perpetrators psychotropic medications SSRI Antidepressants, Stimulant medications Ritalin, Adderall Concerta a, Atypical Antipsychotics, smoking cessation drugs Zyban Champix. Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris took an arsenal of guns and improvised on April 20, 1999 and went on a killing spree at Columbine High School near Littleton. The two students
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