¶ … Misleading Graph
Statistics are often represented in a graphical format to increase the ease and speed of comprehension. A graphical image, such as a graph, is able to convey a significant amount of data in an effective manner and is often much easier to read compared with a paragraph of text that presents the same data. The benefit of the visual representations is their ability to show patterns or trends in data, for example changes over time, or differences between different categories, allowing for comparison and contextual assimilation of the data. Graphs may frequently be used with an accurate presentation of data, but it is also possible for graphs to present data that is technically accurate in a manner that may still be misleading, especially if readers assume that good practices are being applied. A good example of this is the data that was presented a graph depicting the increase in the number of welfare claimants between 2009 and 2011. The graph was produced by the Senate Budget Committee Republican staff and reproduced by Daniel Halper in a blog on the Weekly Standard website (Halper, 2012). The graph is shown below in figure 1.
Figure 1; Graph showing number of welfare claimants in the U.S. 2009-2011
The graph is titled "Over 100 Million People in the U.S. Now receiving Some Form of Federal Welfare." The question is whether or not this is presenting a fair picture of the data. The title is accurate the graph does appear to who that there has been an increase from under 100 million to...
By assigning the numerical value to all data, researcher is able to present data in tables, graph and chart to assist the presentation of the research findings. In addition, the data presented are used to compare the performances of the experimental group and control group. The graph, chart, and table are also used to make comparison of the two groups. Curricular Innovation Development The findings of the research seek to improve
Graph Albendazole Therapy and Enteric Parasites in United States -- Bound Refugees Steven J. Swanson, M.D., Christina, R. Phares, PhD., Blain Mamo, M.P.H., Kirk E. Smith, D.V.M., PhD., Martin S. Cetron, M.D., and William M. Stauffer, M.D. New England Journal of Medicine 2012; 366: 1498-1507 This article details a review of data collected for refugees from Africa and Southeast Asia immigrating to the United States from 1993-2007. The data looks at parasites in
Take for example a human resource manager who is interested in how three different departments in a business situation waste time on the internet on a given day when they should be doing company business. The human resource person would collect data through a time study process and determine the number of times each employee in each department logs on and off the internet for personal business. The times would
Graphics to Report Evaluation Data") purposefully explain that data derived from various graphic styles can and should "tell a story" and provide a great deal more, including putting "a human fact on a project" (Minter, et al.). The graphics that the authors present include: bar chart, line graph, pie chart, illustrations including diagrams, maps and drawings, and photographs. The main ideas that are to be taken into consideration when presenting
Data Integration1Probability is a valuable method for the CEO to consider as it offers a systematic approach to dealing with uncertainty and risk in business. It facilitates data-driven decisions, allows businesses to understand and quantify risk, aids in forecasting and optimization, and overall, guides strategic business decisions. However, like any powerful tool, it must be used responsibly, with due consideration to ethical issues surrounding data use.Probability can best be described
Average sales-per-month within each season are also given in this table. These figures were used to make projections for both 2011 and 2012, as shown in the sales and error table to the right; the level of error for 2011 is given (as determined by subtracting the actual sales value by the projected sales value) as a means of establishing the accuracy of projections for 2012. The sales graph
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