Periodic table provides a revolutionary system of classification of universally occurring elements. The existence of a few elements was documented since ancient Greece: gold, silver, copper, lead, and mercury were the most straightforward to understand and classify (Western Oregon University, 1997). During the Enlightenment, a renewed quest for scientific inquiry into the composition of matter was underway and aided by instruments that helped to discern the properties of discovered elements. A major breakthrough in elemental discovery was made in 1649, when German alchemist Hennig Brand discovered phosphorous after conducting experiments on urine: "He heated residues from boiled urine, and a liquid dropped out and burst into flames. This was the first discovery of phosphorus," (Lenntech, 2011). Over the next several hundred years, new elements were continually discovered. Researchers were then able to recognize similarities and differences between the elements that led to the development of a classification system. The classification system seemed headed towards one that was based on the atomic weight of each element. However, it was not only atomic weight that gave rise to the Periodic Table. In 1817, Johann Dobereiner proposed a system of triads: groups of three elements that shared common properties such as chlorine, bromine, and iodine (Zumdahl & DeCoste, 2012). In 1864, John Newlands built upon the grouping system to propose octaves, a concept closely linked to the musical notation of octaves (Zumdahl & DeCoste, 2012). However, the Newlands octave system was not arbitrary: the English chemist observed that "certain properties seemed to repeat for every eighth element in way similar to the musical scale," (Zumdahl & DeCoste, 2012, p. 560). Finally,...
Mendeleev's table offered a system of ordered thinking whereby future elements that had yet to be discovered could be classified. Thus, the Periodic Table of Elements is a framework and a paradigm as much as it is a convenient chart of chemical elements.
Creating Organizational Value through the Integration of Information Technology: A Management Perspective Change Management and the Construction of a Receptive Organization Transformational and Participative Leadership A Decentralized Organizational Culture Effective Utilization of Resources Simulations Performance Monitoring Systems Risk Management and Support Strategies When considering the ever-changing and highly competitive global landscape of business today, firms must stay at the cutting edge of their respective fields in order to sustain profitability in the long-term. With the current exponential growth
Pre-Course Program for Entry-Level Online Adult Students Distance education is one of the most dynamic and fastest-growing segments of college and graduate level education. Many educational institutions with long histories of traditional classroom-based learning opportunities are expanding their programs to include distance-based learning via the Internet. In fact, many colleges and universities have invested heavily in their distance education programs. Courses for distance learners are offered in an array of
Global Positioning Satellites The History of Global Positioning Satellites The First Global Positioning Satellite Transmission Functions of the Global Positioning Satellites Reception of Information from Global Positioning Satellites Advantages of the Global Positioning Satellites System Introduction to the Global Positioning Satellites As the name suggests, the global positioning satellite system is based on satellites. It is a navigational system that comprises of a complex arrangement of satellites that orbit round the earth. Twenty-four in all, these
Aristoxenos, two centuries after Pythagoras released his model, sought to discredit the standing theories held by Pythagorean devotees. In his works, he established that numbers are not relevant to music, and that music is based on perception of what one hears, not any mathematical equation. Descartes as well as Vincenzo Galilei (Galileo's father) both also discredited the music-to-math theories that formed the revolutionary basis for Pythagoras' music work, but not
His ideas are not important for their uniqueness (though they are singular), but because of the essential similarities between his conservative business utopia and other versions of collectivism" (Gilbert, p. 12). This biographer reports that King Camp Gillette was born in January 1855, the fifth of seven children, to George Wolcott Gillette and Fanny Camp Gillette, in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin; when King was four years old, the family
Beyond Budgeting" by Jeremy Hope The Significance of Budgeting on Effective Management: Analysis of "Beyond Budgeting" by Jeremy Hope In the book "Beyond Budgeting," author Jeremy Hope gave an altogether different conceptualization of the significance of budgeting on effective management. In it, he emphasized the need for better and well-thought out budgeting plans in order not to sacrifice the management decisions and ultimately, the efficient performance of a company or organization.
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