Organizational Structure The debate regarding which form of protocol is more appropriate, custodial vs. treatment, is indeed one of the more controversial subjects in criminal justice today. Custodial treatment refers to the act of putting the convicted criminal in an institution of some sort, such as a jail or prison (hence the term, "custody"). Those who are in favor of this option stress the pros of this type of method, stressing that it is one of society's oldest forms of punishment: "When someone is sentenced to jail or prison, that individual is physically separated from society (the modern version of banishment- society's first form of punishment. In doing so, the person is quite literally deterred from committing any further crimes against the general public because (due to their incarceration) they simply no longer have physical access to the community" (Bayley, 2009). Bayley stresses one of the obvious advantages of custodial punishment which is that society has now regained control over the prisoner. Another advantage is that some argue that the prisoner in custodial custody also acts as a deterrent to others from committing the same crime. However, institutions are expensive to maintain, and drain the tax dollars and resources of society. Treatment organizations believe in the fundamental value of human life and believe that all human beings deserve a chance to become productive members of society, often taking into consideration the rough hand in life that many prisoners have been dealt, coming from backgrounds of untold abuse. The advantages of treatment organizations are that they can work; they can give former criminals...
The drawbacks are that they don't always work; time and money can be spent on prisoners who just end up reoffending.
He still had his sights set on becoming a police commissioner and he was willing to work his way up to the title. An important lesson that his story tells us is that when you have done all that you can in a position and are satisfied with your accomplishments, it is time to move on to the next challenge. This is how we grow and learn to be
The independent variable will be the positive reinforcement as represented by the incentive program. The study will be examined by examining increases or decreases on the overall attendance rate of students before application of an incentive program and then after the incentive program has been in effect for at least 1/2 of the school year. It is expected increases or decreases in the truancy rates will be due to
Boys and Girls Clubs of America as a Resource to Aid in the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency Boys and Girls Clubs of America This research describes the tremendous need for nonprofit human services organizations by youth who: use drugs, commit crimes or are victims of crime, drop out of high school, and become pregnant at an early age. There are a variety of nonprofit organizations such as Boys and Girls Clubs
"African-Americans now serve virtually as much time in prison for a drug offense (58.7 months) as whites do for a violent offense (61.7 months)" (Compendium 2004, 112).The Commission reported in 2004 that "[r]evising the crack cocaine thresholds would better reduce the [sentencing] gap than any other single policy change, and it would dramatically improve the fairness of the federal sentencing system" (USSC 2004, 132). As a result, the African-American
Prevention curricula. Sometimes the content of these or similar curricula are delivered in other venues, e.g., youth clubs. (Strategies..., N.d., p. 5) Strategy Priority Level of Effectiveness School policies regarding alcohol use on school property or at school sponsored events (These policies are especially important in high schools, but are even more important in colleges and universities.) This strategy has been found to reduce substance use problems. Media literacy programs to make youth more sophisticated about
..This perspective is from the U.S.A.; in Europe, violence in school and the concern about violence may not be at similar levels, but it is undoubtedly a topic of major concern (Smith, 2003, p. 1). This article also makes the important point that school is intended as a developmental and educational environment and that violence in its various forms negatively effects and detracts from the goals of education. Another general work that
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