National Healthcare Agency
Consent and research
Ethical standards that apply to experimentation and research
According to the Society for Research in Childhood Development (SRCD), several basic principles must be followed when research is being conducted on children. The first principle states that the procedures must be non-harmful: "The investigator should use no research procedure that may harm the child either physically or psychologically. The investigator is also obligated at all times to use the least stressful research procedure whenever possible" (Ethical Standards for Research, 2012, SRCD). However, no specific definition of what constitutes 'harm' is given.
There is also the principle of informed consent: consent of the child and the parent. "Before seeking consent or assent from the child, the investigator should inform the child of all features of the research that may affect his or her willingness to participate and should answer the child's questions in terms appropriate to the child's comprehension" while "the informed consent of parents, legal guardians or those who act in loco parentis (e.g., teachers, superintendents of institutions)...
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