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Narrative Approaches Of "How To Essay

But by using an 'instructional,' distanced format, the reader is able to both laugh and sigh at the same time, as the implied meaning of Diaz's phrases is slightly softened by the harshness of the satiric tone. The use of deliberately offensive terms like 'halfie' indicates Diaz's dual project of parodying racial and gender norms while also showing the humanity behind them. Even when talking about dating whites, Diaz elides the two words together, to suggest the way that people speak: whitegirls, he says, are easy and "give it up," a "halfie will tell you that her parents met in the [civil rights] movement," showing a sly mockery that the reader is only interested in how to get the girl in bed, not to hear about the serious effects of the civil rights movement on black and white people's lives.

Diaz's story shows the complex, contradictory, and often offensive stereotypes society has about women of...

"To Da-duh, in Memoriam" takes on the voice of a child to portray a lost world, that of a grandmother's home in Barbados. The child's limited perspective is a source of humor, as the child, born in Brooklyn, can only gaze at the island with an uncritical perspective. In contrast to Diaz's supremely opinionated narrator, a child gazes upon the world with open eyes, yet there is also childishness in her grandmother's perspective, a woman who wonders if there are any trees at all in New York, and does not believe that anything in the world can be as beautiful as her homeland. The child resists her grandmother's embrace of the island, even while she is seduced by its beauty. Using such a limited perspective enables Marshall to inject ironic tension between what is observed and what is understood, in a similar though less obvious fashion than Diaz.

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