Hypertrophy of the muscles is achieved through regular diet and exercise. 1(p127) Two types of training, strength and endurance, greatly increase muscle condition. Strength training increases muscle condition through the use of resistance. While conditioning through resistance will increase the number of myofilaments in muscle fiber and increases muscle size, it will not increase the number of muscle fibers.1(p128) Resistance training has been shown to positively affect heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output, though not to the same extent as has been found through the extended practice and implementation of endurance training. 2 Long-term resistance training has also been found to reduce the resting heart rate, increase stroke volume at rest and exercise, maintain cardiac output at rest, decrease resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure while at rest, improve resting lipid levels, and show improved glucose sensitivity, insulin response and sensitivity.2(p4)
Endurance training increases the sustainability of moderate exercise over an extended period of time. Endurance training allows for the efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to a muscle through increased blood flow. Unlike strength training, endurance training will not result in increased muscle growth. 1(p128)
Precautions must be taken in order to prevent muscle damage through exercise. Damage to muscles is often encountered after eccentric movement or "unaccustomed exercise," especially if the exercise requires an inadequate amount of muscle lengthening contractions.3 Muscle damage incurred during the course of inadequate exercise may be evaluated through muscular biopsy or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); inherent problems of muscular biopsies are the small amount of muscle tissue analyzed. MRI analysis allows for assessment of the entire muscle.3 (p2)
Damaged muscles must be given enough time to recuperate through time, physical...
Muscular System Function of action potentials? The function of action potentials is to rapidly communicate information within a neuron, coupling the neurons "input," either synaptic, sensory or intrinsic stimulation with its output, neurotransmitter secretion. Cell electrical properties are the result of? Cells use atoms that have become charged as a result of gaining, or losing, valency shell electrons. Cells are wet circuits that operate in a salty, conductive, medium. How is the outside surface of
Heart rates in children may reach 220 or even 225 before puberty, but tend to fall to around 200 in their late teens, so the coach should not worry on finding such high rates in exercising youngsters." (Sharp, 1) This is a demonstration of the distinct physical response of the youth's body, justifying a framing of youth physical activity as separate, different and demanding its own specific scientific attention. This
There is also aneed to discontinue all the nephrotoxic drugs as well as the elimination of exposure to any form of nephrotoxins. All forms of electrolyte abnormalities must be properly corrected.Uric acid and pigments can be treated using alkaline dieresis. Alcohol drip and fomepizole should be used for treating methanol or ethyl glycol poisoning. Postrenal acute renal failure is caused by the obstruction of the urinary collection system which is
And a way to avoid injuries to the elbow, that is fairly obvious, is to use thicker landing mats, and to get expert training in how to fall properly. For males, injuries to the wrist have been identified as being caused by training on the pommel, because "the wrist is exposed to repetitive forces of up to twice body weight during this activity." Exercises using the plyometric strategy are very
E. hypertrophy). In the elderly, this process is reverse. Hence, the functional reserve capacities of the skeletal muscles decline with age, largely due to diminished levels of physical activity. As a result daily tasks once taken for granted become progressively more difficult, and eventually impossible, to perform. In illustration, a great deal of muscle force is required to simply stand up or to climb stairs. Therefore, skeletal system is relying
The authors were trying to develop a system of estimating and indexing muscle fatigue rates during static muscle contraction. The results of this study indicated that estimations were reasonably successful with some limitations that were noted. One limitation was that the study neglected muscle recovery since the experiment was performed in a lab under controlled conditions and the muscles were able to fully recover. However, in the real world
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