Microsoft Windows File Systems: Comparison and Contrast
The standard versions of Windows use three types of file systems: FAT, exFAT, and NTFS. Windows 8 server also uses ReFS. The 8 server (Windows Server 2012) is the only version that uses that type of file system, as the other versions of Windows are not able to boot from that type of file system at all. In order to better understand these file systems, it is very important to compare and contrast what they have to offer. Since the ReFS files are only used by Windows 8 server, they will be discussed first. Then the information can move on toward the more commonly used files within the Windows system.
ReFS is a file type used only for Windows 8 server. It stands for Resilient File System, and was designed to be for file servers only (Russinovich, Solomon, & Ionescu, 2009). It is similar to NTFS, but improves upon that file system in several key ways. The reliability that is seen with on-disc structures is much better with ReFS, for example. B+ trees are used for file data and metadata. 64-bit numbers limit the number of files, along with the total volume size, the file size, the number of files that can fit into a directory, and also the number of directories that make up a volume. Maximum file size is 16 Exabytes, with a maximum total volume size of 1 Yottabyte that contains clusters of 64 Kilobytes each (Porter, et al., 2009; Russinovich, Solomon, & Ionescu, 2009). That allows a large scalability but put no practical limits on the directory and file sizes. The only limitations come from the hardware side of the equation. Resilience is built in to the file system, and new system APIs are not needed in order...
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