Menopause: A Short History
From Human Anatomy and Physiology, Spence and Mason, 2nd Edition from 1983, comes this description of Menopause.
At about age 50, the ovarian and menstrual cycles gradually become irregular. Ovulation fails to occur during many of the irregular cycles and in most women the cycles cease altogether over the next several months or at most, a few years. The cessation of the menstrual cycle is referred to as menopause, and the entire period is called the female climacteric.
The female climacteric is thought to be caused by an inability of the ovaries to respond to hormonal signals, most probably due to a shortage of follicles resulting from their ovulation or degeneration during the reproductive years. As a result, production of estrogens and progesterone is quit low...(753)
The lady who gave me the above information from her old A&P book wants to make a correction. She was "pre-menopausal" for eleven years!! Although this lady had no problems with her pregnancies or her early reproductive cycles the eleven years she dealt with being pre-menopausal, she had pain, she bleed like crazy and she wound up with muscle pain. She also commented that, " If men had to deal with hot flashes, they would have found a safe, quick, pleasant answer to menopause a century ago, as soon as the technology became available." (Joy Marsh, personal communication, May, 2004)
Menopause is the result of a physiological and hormone system ceasing to function. Some of the material available through Internet sources such as Questia, claim that there is "no reason" for the female reproductive system to quit functioning when it does. In an online article, Craig Packer, a Professor of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior at the University of Michigan writes:
Since many women...
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REFERENCES Eimas, R. "The Great Anatomy of Paolo Mascagni. University of Iowa Special Collections. April, 1963. Retrieved from: http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/spec-coll/Bai/eimas.htm Goldfinger, E. Human Anatomy for Artists: The Elements of Form. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. Heckscher, W.S. Rembrandt's Anatomy of Dr. Nicolaas Tulp: An Icolonological Study. Albany: University of New York Press, 1958. Iipma, F., et.al. "The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt (1632): A Comparison of the Painting With a Dissected Left
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