Disengagement Theory
Disengagement theory was one of the earliest theories written on aging and it was formulated by Cumming and Henry in 1961. This theory states that the society should find avenues for older people to actively disengage from authority to give way for younger people to take over. Through this way, the society creates a smooth transition for the younger generation to take over the active roles while the elders are expected to lead a sedentary life. Though this augured well for the society as a whole, it began to create negative impressions about older people. The primary negativity is that disengagement can happen at different times for different individuals and it was difficult to define a range (Morgan & Kunkel, 2011). Also, the media began to show older people as inactive with no responsibilities and this eventually led to their biased portrayal.
Activity Theory
The activity theory was formulated to overcome the drawbacks of disengagement theory. This theory states that elders should lead an active life and try to perform their earlier roles to give them a higher degree of independence and confidence. However, the drawback with this theory is that it is difficult for all elders to maintain an active life and this inability can be due to several factors such as poverty, gender, health problems and social class.
Conflict Theory
The conflict theory is one of the most important theories that explains the negativity and prejudice of older people that prevails in the society today. According to this theory, the older people are not valued by the society because they are not productive economically. At the same time, they are a burden to the society because of their health care costs and pension benefits which puts a toll on the profits of companies as well as the salaries of the younger generation....
Aging, particularly the discrimination against the elderly, is inextricably linked with the field of sociology because it affects the way in which humans behave. Moreover, it is an important social issue because societal attitudes toward aging inform the construction of social institutions. The plight of the elderly is often overlooked in favor of other underrepresented groups, but an analysis of media, politics, and other social constructs reveals that there the
Social Construction of Aging in Nursing Homes Aging is socially constructed. Using the perspective of symbolic-interactionism, it is possible to show the precise processes whereby the social construction of aging takes place inside specific institutional contexts, like the American nursing home. The American nursing home offers insight into the culturally constrained concept of aging, for attitudes towards aging bodies and aging as a philosophical concept are informed by cultural milieu, worldview,
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