In 1784, the Grand Lodge in England granted Prince Hall an independent charter and thus, the African Lodge tradition began. Prince Hall freemasonry thrived alongside its white counterparts, offering the black communities of the United States, Canada, and the West Indies opportunities for fraternization and service. The existence of Prince Hall masonry parallels racial disparity and disunity in former European colonies. At the same time, Prince Hall freemasonry also illuminates some of the more clandestine social organizations that bolstered black communities. Therefore, this paper will place Prince Hall freemasonry within its historical and sociological contexts.
This research will also explore and refute anti-Masonic viewpoints such as those espoused by evangelical Christian organizations. Many anti-Masonic perspectives address race relations and target at Prince Hall freemasonry in particular. For example, Ramey suggests that Prince Hall masonry is filled with dangerous and "deadly deceptions" that has contributed to the oppression of African-Americans.
The nature of freemasonry will be examined independently of Prince Hall, given that the latter derives its rites,...
These two factors would cause the economy to experience a sudden erosion of economic stability. At which point, a new Administration would begin: massive spending and enacting various regulations to address the causes of the Great Depression. This would help to provide stability to: the economy and it created a foundation for placing some kind of support in the different economic structures (i.e. banks / the stock market). What
Cross-Cultural Management Although it is a cliche of the business world, it is nonetheless also true that no business that neglects - or abuses - its workers can prosper for long. Badly trained, badly prepared, or badly treated workers do not do their best - and indeed, why should they? The best way to get the most out of a worker is to ensure that that worker feels appreciated and respected,
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