Lombroso aimed to be a true adherent of the positivist theory in constructing his criminologist theory. The way that he used positivism however shows how empiricism -- or true science as it is otherwise known -- can be misused and can lead to erroneousness results.
Positivism is the orientation that attempts to follow empirical or sensory experience only and eschew metaphysical or spiritualist renderings. The irony of this was, at least in Lombroso's case, that his rendering of positivism when combined with criminology took him straight into metaphysics.
(This wasn't the only case where Lombroso's scientific manipulations led him into the mystical realm. Later on, he wrote books on spirits and seances claiming these to have empirical base too).
Cesare Lombroso (1835 -1909) saw crime as being an inherited or genetic feature that could be recognizable by experts according to certain physiognomy, or physical defects, that characterized someone as being atavistic or savage.
Criminals, he claimed were a throwback to an earlier, more primitive, Neanderthal form of man and this could be glimpsed in physical forms such as sloping forehead, ears of unusual size, asymmetry of the face, prognathism, excessive length of arms, asymmetry of the cranium, and other...
Learning is cooperative and there is much to gain by sharing it with classmates. Special needs students had the right to merge with normal students in a regular classroom, according to advocates of inclusion (McCarthy 1994). Technology could make that happen, the advocates contended. Special services and resources could be integrated into the regular classroom and allow the ideal learning environment to develop for both types of students. Computer technology
Worldviews of Research PhilosophyIntroductionOntology, epistemology and axiology are at the foundation of research philosophy. Ontology is the study of the nature of being. Epistemology is the study of knowledge or how one comes to know things. Axiology is the study of the nature of values. Being, knowledge and values are intimately connected in business research, because they set the stage for how one will ultimately collect and analyze the data
How can I expand or advance the conversation by new insight or perspective?I agree with the idea that the ability to replicate a study is critical in being able to trust its conclusions. This is much more difficult in qualitative research, given that such a small, highly specific population is being observed by the researcher. But even quantitative studies face a so-called replication crisis. �When research papers are published, they
Logical positivism (also known as logical empiricism) was a philosophical movement that began in Vienna, Austria during the 1920s, coming to public attention in 1929 with the publication of a manifesto called Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung. Der Wiener Kreis (The Scientific World-Conception. The Vienna Circle) (Richardson & Uebel 13). The manifesto was dedicated to Moritz Schlick, a leading figure of logical positivism and the ostensible leader of the Vienna Circle, and was
This showed me that law-protection of people from harm- was exclusive from the moral obligations of the society-such as working to improve the community. Basically, I eventually came to associate the Separability Thesis based on my observation; essentially, the legality and morality of the island were independent of one another. Ultimately, the member of my expedition who spoke the language of Pango-Pango was able to have a conversation with one
Legal Positivism and Australian Law Nature and rule of law have generated more passionate debates in legal circles than anything else and the reason lies in the fact that law directly affects the lives of citizens of a country. National laws govern the lives of human beings and it is thus important to debate such things as their nature, their validity and applicability, their relevance to the case etc. Citizens of
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