¶ … Latin America's problems owe a great deal to a tradition of caudillism, personal politics and authoritarianism." It will also give definitions for eight terms associated with Latin American studies: caudillism, liberalism, The Export Boom, Neocolonialism, Import Subsidizing Industrialization, Bureaucratic Authoritarianism and Privatization.
Latin America currently faces many problems, with diverse causes and manifestations, for example, huge external debts, lack of development in infrastructure, low levels of education for children, and low levels of health care for the population (with concurrent high infant mortality rates and low age expectancies). Many authors (such as Juan Manuel de Rosas, author of Argentine Caudillo, John Reed, author of Insurgent Mexico, and Jacobo Timerman, author of Prisoner Without a Name, Cell Without a Number) have argued that Latin America's current problems stem from a period of history (the National period), following independence, during which caudillismo was popular, and personalistic politics and authoritarianism were the rule.
This paper seeks to evaluate this premise, by analyzing a variety of sources and presenting various viewpoints concerning this particular posture. Indeed, Latin American political parties have often been allied with a particular leader - for example, the Peronistas in Argentina, or the Fidelistas in Cuba - and this particular branch of Latin American politics is commonly referred to as personalismo. This phenomenon is closely related to the phenomenon of caudillismo, under which a government is controlled by dictatorial leaders (caudillos) (Encyclopedia Britannica).
This type of political governance was rife in the period following independence from Spain in the early 19th century, during which time politically unstable conditions led to the emergence of such leaders - this particular period of Latin American history is referred to as 'the age of caudillos' for this very reason (Encyclopedia Britannica). It has been argued that this type of governance was a direct result of the form of governance common in Spanish-ruled colonial times in Latin America, where the King had overall power over all decisions made in the colonial states, and where, therefore, representative government and the concept of popular sovereignty had little, and very weak, influence over the regional political culture (Encyclopedia Britannica).
It is argued by many Latin American specialists that Simon Bolivar, leader...
Latin America American terrorism issues and possible convergence with drug cartels in Central and South America Terrorism in Latin America Columbia The leftist National Liberation Army (ELN) United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) The leftist Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) Cuba Venezuela Mexico Iranian Activity and Sponsorship Focus Tri- Boarder area of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay Regional Overview and Criminal Activities and Concerns Parallel developments of Terrorism and Organized Crime Poverty, Discrimination and Relative Denial Interconnections between Terrorism and Organized Crime Groups Abu Nidal organization (ANO) The
Under the next Emperor, William II, Germany took a more imperialistic course that led to a lot of friction with many of the neighboring countries, which was similar to the course that other European powers also took. After this took place the alliances that Germany had with various countries were not renewed by those countries, and when new alliances were created they did not include Germany in them. France, specifically,
Latin America: The National Period Under serious threats to a country's national security, it is unavoidable to commit some abuses against freedom of the press and individual rights." In his book, "Prisoner Without a Name, Cell Without a Number" Jacobo Timerman elaborates on his experiences as a journalist and political prisoner during Argentina's Peronist period. Because of his political views and ability to voice them in the liberal daily "La Opini n"
Economy of Latin America: Short Overview The economic situation of any specific geographic and geopolitical area is an integral part of the overall "picture" of the state of that area. Although much is said about the increasing "globalization" of the world economy -- that, essentially, the individual market areas of specific countries and regions are moving toward a single, world economy, there remain significant economic trends and pressures within varied geo-political
To ensure Allende never came to power, before resorting to "jackals," the United States, through the CIA, spend three million dollars campaigning against him, mostly through radio and print social marketing. Allende had a warm relationship with Cuba and had openly criticized the invasion of the Bay of Pigs. This all was in line with the earlier outlined U.S. policy which invoked control of Latin American countries as key to
defends a definition of populism, addressing its ideology, social base, charisma, clientelism, and the extent of institutionalization; the second part argues that populism and guerrilla movements are very similar phenomena, divided only by the level of their extremism. There are many definitions of 'populism', as seemingly each academic uses his or her own definition of this term, expecting all readers to automatically agree with this definition. As Roberts (1995) says,
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