International Trade: Discussion of International Retailing
GAP Inc.'s International Growth Strategy
GAP Inc. is one of the world's leading retailers in children, women, men's clothing and care products under the Intermix, Athleta, Piperlime, Old Navy, Banana Republic, and GAP brands. It currently operates over 3,000 stores scattered across 90 countries. GAP Inc. has increased its international presence through three key strategies -- brand extensions, acquisition of smaller companies, and building of physical stores/increasing the number of franchise-operated stores in promising markets.
In 2013, GAP Inc. boosted its presence in North America, particularly Mexico and Canada, through its $130 million acquisition of New-York-based firm, Intermix, a retailer in women's accessories, clothing and apparel (Gap Inc., 2013). With this acquisition, GAP Inc. added 32 boutiques scattered across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico, together with an e-commerce site for luxury brands and an additional brand to its portfolio. This followed an earlier acquisition of Piperlime, and Petaluma-based Athleta Inc., which at the time of acquisition had around 35 branches scattered across different countries in North America. In 2013 alone, the company opened 37 new GAP stores in China, and 6 Intermix and 30 Athleta stores in the U.S. Brand extension...
International expansion is one of the growth strategies that are embraced by companies in order to improve their bottom-line/profitability. In this paper, we present an elaborate international marketing strategy for Red Bull energy drink. The marketing plan begins with an introduction into the concept of international expansion and marketing and a brief overview of the company. A review of the main conclusions and recommendations is then presented. This is then
"Opening up the financial system to foreign capital flows can lead, and has led, to disastrous financial crises, which have resulted in great pain, suffering and even violence" (Mishkin, 2006, p.9). Directly linked to the previous disadvantage and the basic definition of globalization, is the fact that the interdependence of sectors and institutions increases in a global market. In this instance then, a financial crisis within one country or within
Other tools frequently used in this approach are positioning surveys and moving-average trend following trading rules. Fund managers regularly use these patterns to take informed decisions for short-term investments (Exchange Rate Forecast, 2010). Exchange rate risk affects both revenues and costs, which in turn affects a company's marketing, production, and financial decisions (Shapiro, n.d.). If a company's revenues are down then they might find themselves with less money to produce
online retailing operates, what kind of problems they face and the kind of environment they operate in. The author has also focused on Asian online retailing and special focus on Hong Kong online retailing. It has 22 sources. Access of basic necessities of life has followed the conventional method of buying and selling. This pattern changed in the last decade with the emergence of information technology age. When consumers have
The main focus of the 1980s regarding brands focused on a trend in takeovers, enabling successful brands to become extremely valuable on the open market. Even very early on, a value associated with a brand large was viewed in part as more important than the product itself. Early research indicates that many thought the only way to have a successful brand was to buy one. Many felt that the
You need a stable foothold and insight into the dynamics of the marketplace from which to be able to peer effectively into the future.... Marketing research can provide real value by helping to provide the radar that will alert the enterprise to perils -- and opportunities -- ahead" (Duboff & Spaeth 2000, pp. 3-13). Proponents of market research maintain that these activities help to ensure that companies remain consumer-orientated.
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