Verified Document

International Heroin Trafficking Is A Research Paper

" (National Drug Intelligence Center, 2009, p.1) Heroin use among high school students is stated to be of particular concern and specifically reported is that approximately two percent of high school seniors have used heroin at least one time and that of those who have used heroin while in high school, approximately fifty percent have injected the drug. Heroin may be injected, smoked or snorted. Many believe that smoking the drug will not lead to addiction however this is simply untrue. It is reported that both new and experienced users are at risk of overdosing on heroin since the purity of the heroin is an unknown.

The following table lists the street names for Heroin.

Figure 1

Street names for Heroin

Big H

Boy

Capital H

China white

Chiva

Dead on arrival

Diesel

Dope

Eighth

Good H

H

Hell dust

Horse

Junk

Mexican horse

Mud

Poppy

Smack

Thunder

Train

White junk

Source: National Drug Intelligence Center, 2009, p.1

Heroin is an illegal drug and is a Schedule 1 substance under the Controlled Substances Act. As well Schedule I drugs are known to have a high potential for abuse and to serve no legitimate medical purpose.

The price of heroin is addressed in a report that states the following drug prices for heroin in the United Kingdom:

Heroin (per bag/gram)

10/43

11/50

-/52

Source: Transform Drug Policy Foundation (2010)

It is reported that a Columbian shipment of 350 kilograms of high-grade heroin was valued at $35 million. (Tsai, 2007, p.1) it is stated that in the recent bust "Operation Jacket Racket, the 350 kilograms of heroin referred to bricks that are 60% to 70% pure. And $35 million refers to its wholesale value in the area where it was expected to be distributed. The DEA tends to give wholesale rather than retail estimates, since the agency usually makes arrests in the middle of the sales chain." (Tsai, 2007, p.1)

The Presidential Directive for Heroin Control Policy states that the efforts" against production and trafficking of heroin are guided by the Presidents heroin control policy." (PDD 44, 1995) Additionally reported is that according to Jane E....

Becker, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, as the basis for developing a comprehensive heroin strategy PDD-44 [the "heroin PDD"]: "… international heroin control is a major foreign policy objective and that we are to develop programs that complement domestic efforts and blunt the potential impact of the international trade on our interests." (PDD 44, 1995) Specifically stated is that PDD 44 provides direction for:
(1) Working through diplomatic and public channels to boost international awareness of the growing heroin threat;

(2) Promoting the United Nations Drug Control Program and regional financial institution involvement;

(3) Bring law enforcement efforts to bear against the principal organizations that are involved in heroin production, processing, distribution, and transit; and (4) Address the underground banking systems that finance trafficker operations. (PDD44, 1995, p.1)

In addition, PDD44 is stated to mandate "…more aggressive use of the certification process." (PD44, 1995, p.1)

Summary and Conclusion

Heroin use has a long history in the international drug trade and is a drug that is highly illegal and highly addictive in nature. Newer and cheaper synthetic heroin has made the drug more readily available and less costly for users to purchase. Law enforcement is coping with the heroin threat through procedures of PDD 44 (1995) which includes working in the diplomatic and public channels in boosting awareness at the international level of the growing threat presented by heroin which is inclusive at addressing the problems represented by the underground banking system which supports the ongoing heroin drug trade on an international basis.

Bibliography

Heroin Fast Facts - Questions and Answers (2009) National Drug Intelligence Center. Online available at: http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs3/3843/index.htm

Hopsicker, Daniel (2010) the Ultimate Hedge? Venice Airport has 60-Year -- history of Drug Trafficdking. 8 March. 2010. Madcow Morning News. Onlien avaialbel at: http://www.madcowprod.com/03082010.htm

Tsai, Michelle (2007) Heroin? The Art and Scinece fo the DEA's Drug Valuations. Online available at: http://www.slate.com/id/2166980/

Presidential Decision Directive PDD 44 Heroin Drug Control Policy (1995) November online available at: http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd44.htm

Sources used in this document:
Bibliography

Heroin Fast Facts - Questions and Answers (2009) National Drug Intelligence Center. Online available at: http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs3/3843/index.htm

Hopsicker, Daniel (2010) the Ultimate Hedge? Venice Airport has 60-Year -- history of Drug Trafficdking. 8 March. 2010. Madcow Morning News. Onlien avaialbel at: http://www.madcowprod.com/03082010.htm

Tsai, Michelle (2007) Heroin? The Art and Scinece fo the DEA's Drug Valuations. Online available at: http://www.slate.com/id/2166980/

Presidential Decision Directive PDD 44 Heroin Drug Control Policy (1995) November online available at: http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd44.htm
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

International Drug Trafficking Number of
Words: 3398 Length: 10 Document Type: Term Paper

The global cocaine seizures in 2002 indicate a 10% fall from 1999 -- the latest peak year for cocaine production. Although the bulk of cocaine seizures in 2002 continued to be in the Americas (55%in South America; 32% in North America), the most disturbing trend is the rise in European seizures (13% v. 6% in 1990 and 8% in 2000). The increase in cocaine trafficking to Europe is mainly due

Effects of International Drug Trafficking
Words: 753 Length: 2 Document Type: Essay

International Drug Trafficking One of the most prominent international issues regarding drugs is the ways in which these substances are illegally moved across borders. It was originally believed that the drug trade could be adequately controlled by enforcement. However, after roughly forty years of the failure to win the "war on drugs," it is becoming undeniably obvious that enforcement is not the effective solution to this situation. The role of globalization

Heroin NYC New York City
Words: 2569 Length: 9 Document Type: Essay

First and foremost is the recurrence of addiction with which Ms. Stone has struggled her entire life. This reflects the powerful dependency which is a distinct feature of heroin as is this compares to other substances. Indeed, Ms. Stone makes explicit mention of the intense physical and emotional rigors of withdrawal that are associated with detoxification. The number of times that Ms. Stone has engaged in detox and relapsed

International Criminal Organizations
Words: 2566 Length: 8 Document Type: Research Paper

International Criminal Organizations Over time, Mexico has experienced significant growth in crime levels -- something that has led to an increase in criminal activity not only in Mexico but also across the entire region as well. In this text, I concern myself with the rise of international criminal organizations in Mexico. In so doing, I will amongst other things explain the role poverty and/or corruption has played in the creation of

Global Elimination of Drug Trafficking and Terrorism With US As Its...
Words: 4324 Length: 12 Document Type: Capstone Project

Solution to Stop Drug Trafficking and Terrorism in the United States and Abroad Drug trafficking and terrorism in the U.S. And abroad Simply put, illegal drugs appear to be one of, if not the most lucrative sources of funds for terrorist activities. Mainstream media, scholars, policymakers, and even the general public commonly believe that terrorist activity is funded by global sales and/or trade in illegal drugs. It has been suggested that terrorist

Drug Trafficking by Intelligence Agencies
Words: 1213 Length: 3 Document Type: Thesis

At present, Al-Qaeda is known to finance its terror operations through drug-trafficking. "[the New York Times reported] that 'militants linked to Al Qaeda also established connections with Bosnian organized crime figures. The officials said Al Qaeda and the Taliban found a route for the trafficking of heroin from Afghanistan into Europe through the Balkans.'... In other words, the CIA knew that Al-Qaeda was involved in heroin-trafficking, but (as is

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now