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Harmful Health Effects Of Chronic Thesis

Conclusion

In conclusion, there are two schools of thought on this issue. One view sees very little difference in terms of health implication between marijuana and cigarette smoking. However, there is some resistance to the idea that marijuana is as unhealthy or as dangerous as cigarettes. This had led to the notion that marijuana is less harmful to the user than tobacco. However, many reports and studies tend to stress that while the effects of each substance on the individual differ, in the long - term both have negative effects that should be emphasized. (Vlahov et al., 2004)

While there is a strong case for the benefits of marijuana in certain instances and for certain conditions, this should not override the negative aspects associated with the sunspace.

Recommendations

The above research and the literature tend to emphasize a central recommendation; namely that more in-depth research should be initiated into a comparative analysis of the two substances in question. Furthermore, that this research should be cognizant of the many variables that form part of this comparative analysis and that the positive medicinal aspects related to Marijuana should not override the plethora of negative health issues.

References www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98432636

Bock, a.W. (2000). The Politics of Medical Marijuana. Santa Ana, CA: Seven Locks.

Executive Summary: Institute of Medicine (1999). Retrieved July 3, 2008, from http://www.nap.edu/html/marimed/es.html

Fact Sheet Cigarette Smoking-Related Mortality. (2006) Retrieved July 3, 2008, at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/factsheets/cig_smoking_mort.htm

Gieringer D. (1994) Marijuana Health Mythology.

Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://paranoia.lycaeum.org/marijuana/facts/mj-health-mythology.html www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=96962151

Goode, E. (Ed.). (1969). Marijuana. Chicago: Atherton. Retrieved July 3, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=96962158

Howlett a.C. et al. (2004) Cannabinoid physiology and pharmacology: 30 years of progress. Neuropharmacology...

345-358 www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000414221
Kaplan, M.S., & Weiler, R.E. (1997). Social Patterns of Smoking Behavior: Trends and Practice Implications. Health and Social Work, 22(1).

Klein T., et al. (2000) the Cannabinoid System and Cytokine Network, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, (225) pp. 1-8.

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Kreit, a. (2003). The Future of Medical Marijuana: Should the States Grow Their Own?. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 151(5).

Marijuana and Medicine. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.nap.edu/html/marimed/es.html

Marijuana and Tobacco Use Up Again Among 8th and 10th Graders. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol12N2/Marijuana.html

Mathias R. (1997) Marijuana and Tobacco Use Up Again Among 8th and 10th Graders. NDA. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol12N2/Marijuana.html

Moore B. et al. (2005) Respiratory Effects of Marijuana and Tobacco Use in a U.S. Sample. J Gen Intern Med, 20(1), pp. 33-37.

Tashkin, D.P., Coulson, V. et al. (1987) Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function in Habitual Heavy Smokers of Marijuana Alone, Smokers of Marijuana and Tobacco, Smokers of Tobacco Alone, and Nonsmokers. Am Rev Respir Dis. (135) [HIDDEN]

The Cannabis 2002 Report. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/drogen/00042/00643/00646/02287/index.html?lang=en&download=M3wBPgDB/8ull6Du36WcnojN14in3qSbnpWWbW+elE6p1rJgsYfhyt3NhqbdqIV+bau5bKbXrZ6lhuDZz8mMps2go6fo

The Effects of Marijuana Smoke. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.drugscience.org/Petition/C2B.html

Vlahov, D., Galea, S., Ahern, J., Resnick, H., Boscarino, J.A., Gold, J., et al. (2004). Consumption of Cigarettes, Alcohol and Marijuana among New York City Residents Six Months after the September 11 Terrorist Attacks. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 30(2).

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Wallace, J.M., Brown, T.N., Bachman, J.G., & Laveist, T.A. (2003). The Influence of Race and Religion on Abstinence from Alcohol, Cigarettes and Marijuana among Adolescents. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64(6).

Wu, T.C., Tashkin, D.P. et al. (1988) Pulmonary Hazards of Smoking Marijuana as Compared with Tobacco. N. Engl. J. Med. (318) pp. 347-351.

Zeese K. Research Findings on Medicinal Properties of Marijuana. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.csdp.org/kz/mmj2.htm comparison of marijuana and chronic tobacco use

Sources used in this document:
References www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98432636

Bock, a.W. (2000). The Politics of Medical Marijuana. Santa Ana, CA: Seven Locks.

Executive Summary: Institute of Medicine (1999). Retrieved July 3, 2008, from http://www.nap.edu/html/marimed/es.html

Fact Sheet Cigarette Smoking-Related Mortality. (2006) Retrieved July 3, 2008, at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/factsheets/cig_smoking_mort.htm

Gieringer D. (1994) Marijuana Health Mythology.
Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://paranoia.lycaeum.org/marijuana/facts/mj-health-mythology.html www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=96962151
Goode, E. (Ed.). (1969). Marijuana. Chicago: Atherton. Retrieved July 3, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=96962158
Marijuana and Medicine. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.nap.edu/html/marimed/es.html
Marijuana and Tobacco Use Up Again Among 8th and 10th Graders. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol12N2/Marijuana.html
Mathias R. (1997) Marijuana and Tobacco Use Up Again Among 8th and 10th Graders. NDA. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol12N2/Marijuana.html
The Cannabis 2002 Report. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/drogen/00042/00643/00646/02287/index.html?lang=en&download=M3wBPgDB/8ull6Du36WcnojN14in3qSbnpWWbW+elE6p1rJgsYfhyt3NhqbdqIV+bau5bKbXrZ6lhuDZz8mMps2go6fo
The Effects of Marijuana Smoke. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.drugscience.org/Petition/C2B.html
Zeese K. Research Findings on Medicinal Properties of Marijuana. Retrieved July 2, 2008, at http://www.csdp.org/kz/mmj2.htm comparison of marijuana and chronic tobacco use
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