Therefore, HRM is designed to help those who would likely not succeed in traditional treatment methodologies as well as to address the indirect harms associated with the behavior targeted for intervention (Brocato & Wagner, 2003).
In that respect, existing HRM-based drug treatment programs have confirmed the social benefit and individual welfare achievable through the more tolerant form of intervention. Universally, the literature documents the extent to which social problems such as petty crime and personal harm such as disease transmission and other types of intravenous infection have been substantially reduced through the HRM approach to drug abuse.
In Opposition to the Harm Reduction Model
Critics of the HRM (especially in connection with illicit drug abuse) strongly object to that approach, largely because they believe that it is tantamount to condoning that behavior or even enabling it in the classical codependency context (O'Neill, 2002). In general, that is equally true with respect to opponents of HRM-based intervention, such as in the case of the controversy over contraception and safe sex education for teenagers. In principle, HRM strategies are seen as undermining the fundamental necessary goal of intervening in and preventing harmful behavior. That view may also recognize the value of targeting ancillary harm (such as petty crime in connection with drug addiction), but only within a framework that emphasizes the attempt at direct traditional intervention (Denning, 2000). Naturally, critics of HRM are vehemently opposed to programs such as DanceSafe which provides an MDMA ("ecstasy") validation service, typically at dance clubs or "raves" where attendees may confirm the authenticity of their illicit ecstasy (Tuukka, 2004).
Conclusion
Undoubtedly, it is understandable why critics...
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