Congress inserted the "under God" phrase in 1954, amid the Cold War when some U.S. religious leaders sermonized against "godless communists." (Gearan)
Works Cited
All Things Considered. "Interview: Dr. John W. Baer discusses the history of the Pledge of Allegiance" All Things Considered (NPR reprint) 6/27 (2002).
Baker, Tod a., Laurence W. Moreland, and Robert P. Steed. The 1988 Presidential Election in the South: Continuity Amidst Change in Southern Party Politics New York: Praeger, 1991.
Canipe, Lee. "Under God and anti-communist: how the Pledge of Allegiance got religion in Cold-War America" Journal of Church and State March 22 (2003).
Chmielewski, Cynthia M. "Federal Appeals Court Bans Pledge of Allegiance in School." NEA Today Vol. 21 (2002).
Elvin, John. "High Court May Weigh in on Pledge...
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