Taoism and Later World Religions
Laozi -- the legendary author of the Dao Dejing -- may not have been a real person, since his name is simply the Chinese for "Old Master." Yet the Dao itself would not want this fact to get in our way inquiring what Laozi himself would have thought of something -- after all, the Dao teaches that "the name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name." Indeed, the Dao's insights are particularly interesting in considering developments in world religion after the time in which the Dao Dejing was composed (somewhere between about 500 and 300 B.C.E.). I hope to apply the principles of Laozi to take a Daoist view of the two major religions to rise out of Judaism -- Christianity and Islam.
A Daoist view of Islam would be somewhat contradictory. Islam itself means submission unto the will of Allah. To some degree this could be considered similar to Laozi's concept of "wuwei." Both imply a suppression of the personal will, although "wuwei" is usually translated as "nonaction" or "nonstriving" and it represents the effort to "go with the flow," so to speak. It implies a certain degree of harmony with the forces (if not the "will") of nature. But there the similarities end. Nothing could...
The notion of praying five times a day toward Mecca at specific hours seems like an attempt to impose a human order -- although Muslims consider it a divine order -- upon the natural progression of the day. Whereas the Dao functions in a way that is totally opposite: the natural order of the day should guide human endeavor. Moreover the actual tenets of Islamic dogma do not match up with stated Daoist beliefs. For example, one of the five central commandments of Islam is almsgiving for the poor: whereas Laozi rather shockingly announces that charity is counterproductive: "If we could renounce our benevolence and discard our righteousness, the people would again become filial and kindly." (p.91)
This resembles more some of the more cryptic statements of Jesus Christ in the New Testament, as when he warns his apostles that "The poor you always have with you; but me you have not for long." Overall, though, Christianity places less of an emphasis on charity for the poor, and more of an emphasis on the worth of the impoverished -- examples abound in Christian scripture of Jesus warning a rich man that a…
