While the bacterium has been recognized to cause Johne's disease for more than 100 years, methods for satisfactory diagnosis, treatment and prevention are lacking" (Scientists Crack Genome Sequence Of Major Dairy Pathogen 2002). This problem would not have aroused studies and researches a few centuries ago. This study would not have been conducted in other countries because almost all the world's countries and their people possess unifying attributes that make them distinct and unmistakable for any other nationality, race, culture and language. Therefore, by understanding that sheep's make up is a valuable organism whose genome has been sequenced so that there is a greater knowledge of human make up. From there, by understanding the genome sequences of a sheep, researchers can gain further insight into human genome sequences. In most cases, using virtual sheep is more in-depth for some researchers rather using real sheep. "The real sheep genome sequence assembly covers approximately...
are not mappable and are not displayed. In contrast, the virtual sheep genome contains markers, BAC-end sequences etc. mapped using comparative approaches and therefore is much more comprehensive in it's coverage" (Sheep Genomes 2001). With that, it has become easier to break down the human genome sequences after having an in-depth analysis of sheep genome sequences.
Amidation of Peptides in Humans Modern biotechnology has experienced dramatic leaps in the body of knowledge concerning molecular processes in peptides and how they work. Many of these processes rely on amidation of peptides to achieve increasingly important medical and commercial applications. Peptides are created when two or more amino acids are covalently joined by peptide bonds, a process termed post-translational modification. One increasingly valuable application of post-translational modification is
Mitochondrial Diseases A gene is basically a one dimension sequence of nucleotides that signals for the production of a protein. (Reynaud, 2010) The protein itself is merely a sequence of amino acids arranged in a specific manner. The sequence of the gene is linear and so is the sequence of the protein. DNA, which is a common term heard now and then is merely a collective term for all the genes
Hepatitis D, HDV is a subviral satellite that is not classified in a viral family. Dr. Mario Rizzeto identified in 1977 a nuclear antigen that was subsequently established to derive form what was named Hepatitis Delta Virus ()This is the only virus under the genus deltavirus (Hepatitis D Virus, 2005). The history of this interesting unique satellite small virus is short and therefore researches are still searching for possible new
Prions: Proteinaceous Infectious Particles" Recent cases of Mad Cow Disease have focused the public attention on prion diseases and the small proteins that are believed to cause them. The scientific community has been slow to recognize this mechanism of disease, since prion-caused encephalopathies can demonstrate diverse symptoms, and share characteristics with other disorders, such as dementia. Prions, as the acronym (Proteinaceous Infectious Particles) suggests, are small proteins that are typically expressed in brain
Human Cloning The subject of human cloning was once the stuff of science fiction novels and television programs. As technology and science improves, the creation of clones has become, potentially, a real likelihood in the impending future. For the follow, the definition of human cloning is that which has been designated by the American Medical Association: The term "cloning" will refer to the production of genetically identical organisms via somatic cell nuclear
detection of the Borna disease virus relating them to the epidemiology. The first cases of Borna disease were described in the 17-19th century in Southern Germany. It was discovered to be a fatal disease affecting the neurological systems of horses and sheep, (Ludwig et al., 1985; Durrwald, 1993) causing behavioral and neurological symptoms. It was proven to be caused by a 2003] Today it is being realized that the scope of
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