¶ … French Indian war altar political, economic, ideological relations American colonies Britain?
In what ways did the French-Indian War alter political, economic, ideological relations between the American colonies and Great Britain?
For many years, tensions had been simmering between England and France, the dominant European powers in control of the colonial territories in the Americas. The two nations' relationship was even more complicated due to the various tribal alliances of Native Americans. At the onset of the French-Indian War, by and large, the Indians favored the French. The French tended to be more honest and aboveboard in their dealings with the natives. The French were more interested in establishing economic trade roots in America, rather than creating colonies, a situation which the Indians preferred. In contrast, the British population of settlers in the colonies was 250,000 in 1700 and 1.25 million in 1750 -- a staggering growth in a relatively short period of time (Kindig 2010:1).
The British also had a substantial economic as well as political interest in the colonies. The colonies were an abundant supply of raw materials such as copper, hemp, tar, and turpentine. "They also required a great deal of money, and so they provided that all of these American products be shipped exclusively to England (the Navigation Acts). In an effort to raise revenue and simultaneously interfere with the French in the Caribbean, a 6 pence tax on each gallon of molasses was imposed in 1733…Enforcement of these regulations became difficult, so the English government established extensive customs services, and vice-admiralty courts empowered to identify, try, and convict suspected smugglers. These devices were exclusive of, and superior to, the colonial mechanisms of justice" (Kindig 2010). Thus, the colonists even before the thus had reason to be dissatisfied by British usurpation of their authority.
A dispute over territory in Ohio proved to be the precipitating cause of the French-Indian War. In November 1753. Major George Washington was sent...
When the French refused, Washington began to build a fort nearby, thinking "if he could not drive the French from the area, he would at least contest their presence with his own stockade. A combined force of French soldiers and their native allies overwhelmed Fort Necessity on July 3, 1754, marking the start of the French and Indian War in the New World…The next few years witnessed French successes on the battlefield against the English, including General Edward Braddock's defeat in 1755" ("French-Indian Wars," Ohio History Central, 2005). These successes were largely the result of the native support of the French.
While the British colonists appealed to the King for permission to raise armies and monies to defend themselves, they were refused. "English officers in America were also widely contemptuous of colonials who volunteered for service" (Kindig 2010). However, the British were determined to hold on to their colonies -- Prime Minister William Pitt feared French dominion over Europe, if it established control over the valuable trade through the New World. "In 1758, sizable numbers of British soldiers arrived to carry out Pitt's plan. With colonial assistance, British soldiers captured Fort Duquesne that year. In 1759, the English captured both Fort Niagara and Quebec, France's major city in the New World. Montreal fell the following year, leaving England in control of France's possessions in North America" ("French-Indian Wars," Ohio History Central, 2005).
While imported British troops made up a substantial portion of the fighting force against the French, many colonists did gain a military orientation during the war in the tactics of the King's Army, which they were later able to use to great effect during the Revolutionary War. Washington's experience during the French-Indian War proved to be formative in shaping his military strategy as a general in the Revolutionary War. Another important development was the Albany Plan of Union. In June 1754 "delegates from most of the northern colonies and representatives…
