Fiedler's Contingency Theory
The overarching claim of Fiedler's contingency theory is that leadership is defined more directly by the situation or context into which a leader is thrust than by the nature of the leader himself. The basic premise is that leaders will define themselves in low-stress and high-stress situations. Ideally, according to Fiedler, a leader will be selected whose traits are compatible with the organization and its personnel or failing that, conditions within the organization may be altered in order to accommodate strengths evidenced by the leader in question.
This is a decidedly provocative model because it represents a departure from leadership theories that stake leadership quality on the individual. Before the contingency theory, leadership has generally been thought of as a personality trait. With Fiedler, this idea is rejected in favor of the notion that any individual can function as an effective leader when placed...
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