The farewell and the consequences were based on an unfortunate decision.
Johnson (1940, p. 89) adds that Frederick is not only saying farewell to arms of the war, but to all of society. He is purely separating from the war, refusing to be part of it. By doing so, he is isolating himself from the outside world. By his flight from the war, he is evading responsibility and emotion, taking refuge in simple primary sensations. In A Farewell to Arms," says Johnson, "it is society as a whole that is rejected, social responsibility, social concern. Lieutenant Henry is in the War, but his attitude is purely that of a spectator, refusing to be involved. He is leading a private life as an isolated individual." Penn Warren (1985, p. 58) explains that the individual is thrown back upon his private discipline and his private capacity to endure. The hero cuts himself off from the herd, the confused world. Frederick is then reborn into another world: he comes out into the world of the man alone, no longer supported by and involved in society. "Anger was washed away in the river along with my obligation...I had taken off the stars, but that was for convenience. It was no point of honor. I was not against them. I was through."
As far as Frederick is concerned, "I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious and sacrifice and the expression in vain." Such words of abstraction "such as glory, honor, courage, or hallow were obscene beside the concrete names of villages, the number of roads, the names of rivers, the numbers of regiments and the dates." However, concludes Johnson, Hemingway is in fact saying that perhaps the...
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