¶ … emotional issues in the field of biomedical ethics is the issue of patient assisted suicide. Proponents on both sides of the issue believe strongly in their arguments and the discussions surrounding the issue often become quite acrimonious. Yet, it is an issue that demands some measure of agreement but remains unresolved and caught in the middle are the patients who are actually suffering from conditions that initiate the discussions (Faber, 2000).
A variety of terms have been used to describe the process of when a terminally ill uses lethal medications for the purpose of ending his or her life but for purposes of this paper it will be simply identified as patient assisted suicide. Implicit in the use of the word suicide is the understanding of a premature death that is being generated out of despair. This is an extremely sensitive point in the discussion of patient assisted suicide and many professional organizations object to the use of the word suicide for this very reason (American Public Health Association, 2008). For many, suicide infers mental illness and proponents of assisted suicide argue that there is a distinction between deciding to terminate one's life to avoid the pain and distress of the inevitable and terminating one's life as part of some form of mental defect.
Regardless of how the process is defined, the act of terminating the life of a terminally ill person is to be distinguished from the act of euthanasia. Euthanasia is illegal in all states in the country and involves the act of a third party administering medication directly to a patient that ends the patient's life. Assisted suicide, on the other hand, refers to someone providing the medication but allowing the patient to decide whether or when to ingest the lethal medication.
The ethical arguments for patient assisted suicide begin with the belief that an individual should be entitled to make a rational choice to escape unbearable suffering at the end of one's life. These arguments are based on the respect that society has for the right of the individual to make life altering decisions on a personal level (Snyder, 2000).
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