The increasing proliferation of these devices, particularly relatively inexpensive handheld "look-at" devices with internet access has created the opportunity for governments at all levels to improve the efficiency and reduce the costs of delivering governmental services to their stakeholders while simultaneously forging an enhanced partnership between all of the government's stakeholders. The process was shown to be challenging, though, and a wide range of milestones must be addressed in

A study of e-government initiatives in Canada by Ayert, for example, found that, "Each department valued its own information system, its own database, and its own information culture. Malevolence was not involved; rather, the systemic goal was perceived through the departmental filter" (770). Moreover, despite mandates from the government's top authorities to develop seamless e-governmental systems and approaches to deliver services in an online setting, governmental departments engaged in

Some of the communication technologies include news content, internet (social media platforms), campaigns, billboard advertisements, and organized interaction forums . These technologies are essential in enhancing interactions between the society and the state thus promotion of good or effective governance. Communication practices are forms of communication such as language, setting, mode, target audience, and content of information shared between the sender and the receiver. Communication practices and technology focuses on

" (Bissessar, nd) the evidence showed, however "that the choice of 'new' methods of management had become a regional fad. Indeed the universality of NPM could not be disputed." (Bissessar, nd) New Public Management had been introduced in many countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia and "was accordingly considered a more than appropriate model for the Caribbean and Latin American states as well." (Bissessar,

The following diagram represents the structure of the idea. Figure 2. Project flow pursuant to Plan Abu Dhabi 2030: Urban Structure Framework Plan Objectives of the Study The overarching objective of this study is to build a solid portfolio management application that connects all the local governments of Abu Dhabi emirates in ways that will allow them to collaborate on various projects pursuant to Plan Abu Dhabi 2030 through one unified system

Pharmaceutical industries have to operate in an environment that is highly competitive and subject to a wide variety of internal and external constraints. In recent times, there has been an increasing trend to reduce the cost of operation while competing with other companies that manufacture products that treat similar afflictions and ailments. The complexities in drug research and development and regulations have created an industry that is subject to intense